發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-19 01:25

  本文選題：圖模式　切入點(diǎn)：匿名路由器　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡(luò)成為了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中最重要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施之一,已經(jīng)滲透到了人們生活的各個(gè)方面。網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由器級(jí)拓?fù)浔碚髁司W(wǎng)絡(luò)中路由器之間的連接關(guān)系,可為網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃、優(yōu)化、管理提供有用基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),也是構(gòu)建可信、安全網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境的前提�，F(xiàn)有路由器級(jí)拓?fù)渥R(shí)別方法主要依靠traceroute等測(cè)量工具收集原始數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析構(gòu)建路由器級(jí)拓?fù)�。但在�?shí)際中,網(wǎng)絡(luò)中很多節(jié)點(diǎn)出于安全等因素的考慮,不會(huì)響應(yīng)traceroute等測(cè)量工具發(fā)送的探測(cè)包,導(dǎo)致測(cè)量結(jié)果存在大量匿名理由器,故無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確識(shí)別出路由器級(jí)拓?fù)�。針�?duì)該問(wèn)題,國(guó)際上有學(xué)者提出基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)層析成像的拓?fù)涔烙?jì)方法,該方法通過(guò)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)邊緣節(jié)點(diǎn)之間發(fā)送探測(cè)包,然后利用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的方法推斷出路由器級(jí)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。該方法最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是不需要內(nèi)部節(jié)點(diǎn)協(xié)作,因此不受網(wǎng)絡(luò)存在大量匿名路由器的限制。但是目前網(wǎng)絡(luò)層析成像的方法只能識(shí)別出樹狀拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),而無(wú)法獲得網(wǎng)狀的路由器級(jí)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。針對(duì)現(xiàn)有方法存在的缺陷,本文采用傳統(tǒng)匿名路由器識(shí)別和網(wǎng)絡(luò)層析成像相結(jié)合的研究思路,把網(wǎng)絡(luò)層析成像估計(jì)所得的樹狀拓?fù)渥鳛榧s束進(jìn)行匿名路由器識(shí)別,進(jìn)而構(gòu)建較為完善的路由器級(jí)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。本文主要貢獻(xiàn)可以概括為以下兩個(gè)方面:(1)提出基于圖模式的匿名路由器聚類方法:匿名路由器聚類的目的是將在拓?fù)鋱D上位置相近的匿名路由器聚集到一起,從而有利于設(shè)計(jì)合理的探測(cè)包發(fā)送方案,使發(fā)送的探測(cè)包能覆蓋需要識(shí)別的匿名路由器。本文提出基于圖模式的匿名路由器聚類方法,通過(guò)對(duì)測(cè)量得到原始數(shù)據(jù)的總結(jié)分析,歸納出了三種匿名路由器位置相近時(shí),測(cè)量結(jié)果的圖模式,根據(jù)起始節(jié)點(diǎn)、目的節(jié)點(diǎn)間的聯(lián)系,確定匿名路由器的分布位置,對(duì)匿名路由器進(jìn)行聚類。(2)提出基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)層析成像的匿名路由器識(shí)別方法:網(wǎng)絡(luò)層析成像利用這些已知路由器設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)包方法,并利用時(shí)間延遲的協(xié)方差構(gòu)建樹狀拓?fù)洹１疚膶錉钔負(fù)渥鳛榧s束條件,根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)層析成像的特點(diǎn)提出匿名路由器識(shí)別準(zhǔn)則,逐一分析樹狀拓?fù)渲忻織l鏈路的匿名路由器分布情況。根據(jù)樹狀拓?fù)涞募s束和識(shí)別準(zhǔn)則,得到每條路徑的匿名路由器分布方程。通過(guò)迭代求解以上方程,就可以獲得具體每條鏈路上匿名路由器的分布情況,進(jìn)而識(shí)別出原始數(shù)據(jù)中的匿名路由器。本文使用理論數(shù)據(jù)和iPlane、CAIDA提供的真實(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)提出方法進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明提出的匿名路由器聚類算法可以有效地對(duì)匿名路由器進(jìn)行聚類,提出的基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)層析成像的匿名路由器識(shí)別方法能有效識(shí)別已經(jīng)聚類的匿名路由器。因此,本文方法可以在存在匿名路由器的條件下,獲得較為準(zhǔn)確的路由器級(jí)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:With the development of network technology, network has become one of the most important infrastructure in modern society, which has permeated every aspect of people's life. It can provide useful basic data for network planning, optimization and management, and is also a prerequisite for building a credible and secure network environment. Existing router-level topology identification methods mainly rely on traceroute and other measurement tools to collect raw data. The router topology is constructed by analyzing the data, but in practice, many nodes in the network do not respond to the detection packets sent by measurement tools such as traceroute because of security and other factors, resulting in a large number of anonymous reasons for the measurement results. Therefore, router-level topology can not be accurately identified. Aiming at this problem, some scholars in the world have proposed a topology estimation method based on network tomography, which sends detection packets between nodes at the edge of the network. Then the router-level topology is inferred by statistical methods. The biggest advantage of this method is that it does not require the cooperation of internal nodes. Therefore, it is not restricted by a large number of anonymous routers in the network. However, the current methods of network tomography can only identify the tree topology, but cannot obtain the network router-level topology. In this paper, using the traditional anonymous router identification and network tomography, the tree topology estimated by network tomography is used as a constraint to identify anonymous routers. The main contributions of this paper can be summarized as follows: 1) A graph-based anonymous router clustering method is proposed: the purpose of anonymous router clustering is to cluster the anonymous router in topology graph. Anonymous routers on a similar location come together, Therefore, it is helpful to design a reasonable scheme of detecting packet sending, so that the transmitted packet can cover the anonymous router that needs to be identified. In this paper, an anonymous router clustering method based on graph pattern is proposed, and the original data are summarized and analyzed through the measurement. In this paper, three kinds of graph patterns of measurement results when the locations of anonymous routers are close are summarized. The distribution of anonymous routers is determined according to the connections between the starting nodes and the destination nodes. Cluster of anonymous routers. (2) A method of identifying anonymous routers based on network tomography is proposed. Network tomography uses these known routers to design a method of sending packets. The tree topology is constructed by using the covariance of time delay. In this paper, the tree topology is taken as the constraint condition, and an anonymous router recognition criterion is proposed according to the characteristics of network tomography. The anonymous router distribution of each link in the tree topology is analyzed one by one. According to the constraints and recognition criteria of the tree topology, the anonymous router distribution equation of each path is obtained, and the above equations are solved iteratively. The distribution of anonymous routers on each link can be obtained, and then the anonymous routers in the raw data can be identified. This paper uses theoretical data and real network measurement data provided by iPlanean CAIDA to verify the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed anonymous router clustering algorithm can effectively cluster anonymous routers, and the proposed anonymous router recognition method based on network tomography can effectively identify anonymous routers that have been clustered. The proposed method can obtain a more accurate router-level topology in the presence of anonymous routers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP393.05
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本文編號(hào)：1632216