本文關(guān)鍵詞： 軟件定義網(wǎng)絡(luò) OpenFlow 廣域網(wǎng) 標(biāo)簽路由 標(biāo)簽分配 負(fù)載均衡　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：軟件定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)(SDN/OpenFlow)是一種新型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu),將傳統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的封閉體系分離為數(shù)據(jù)平面和控制平面,具有良好的可控性和靈活性。SDN開始被引入到許多場(chǎng)景下的網(wǎng)絡(luò),其中包括廣域網(wǎng)。將SDN/OpenFlow應(yīng)用于廣域網(wǎng)中存在以下技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn):受限于鏈路物理距離,控制器與交換機(jī)之間通信時(shí)延長(zhǎng),導(dǎo)致新流到達(dá)時(shí),新建數(shù)據(jù)流路徑時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的問(wèn)題。目前的研究主要使用源路由(如SlickFlow)的方案解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。這些方案存在問(wèn)題:數(shù)據(jù)包需要攜帶較大且變長(zhǎng)的包頭信息,不利于硬件實(shí)現(xiàn);修改了 OpenFlow協(xié)議,不利于推廣應(yīng)用。本文對(duì)上述問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了深入研究,提出了對(duì)應(yīng)的解決方案,論文的主要貢獻(xiàn)如下:(1)提出了基于OpenFlow的標(biāo)簽路由機(jī)制,并且在不修改OpenFlow協(xié)議前提下,給出了一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)該標(biāo)簽路由的方案。本文將標(biāo)簽信息存放在QinQ的VLAN包頭域中,與SlickFlow相比,壓入的包頭信息短小且定長(zhǎng)。論證了本文的標(biāo)簽僅會(huì)增加0.26-6.25%的傳輸時(shí)延和少于0.52us的操作時(shí)延。從分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,新流到達(dá)時(shí),可以減少交換機(jī)與控制器之間的通信量,從而降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)平均時(shí)延。(2)設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)基于OpenFlow的標(biāo)簽分配機(jī)制,討論了如何分配和管理標(biāo)簽路由的標(biāo)簽�；赗yu控制器、MongoDB等技術(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)可以分配、管理、存儲(chǔ)和下發(fā)標(biāo)簽的系統(tǒng),同時(shí)該系統(tǒng)具有良好的擴(kuò)展性。最后,在盛科V150交換機(jī)和EX2000拓?fù)溥B接器上,搭建了標(biāo)簽分配機(jī)制的原型系統(tǒng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,原型系統(tǒng)可以有效地分配下發(fā)標(biāo)簽以及刪除網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的標(biāo)簽信息。(3)基于流量矩陣,討論了如何利用標(biāo)簽分配實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)鏈路負(fù)載均衡。首先討論了目前SDN中測(cè)量流量矩陣的研究,并給出了測(cè)量流量矩陣的一般方法。然后基于流量矩陣負(fù)載均衡算法(TM-LB)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),提出了 ITM-LB算法。本文使用真實(shí)的和隨機(jī)的流量矩陣進(jìn)行兩次仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,使用ITM-LB和TM-LB算法下發(fā)標(biāo)簽都能實(shí)現(xiàn)鏈路負(fù)載均衡。但是,無(wú)論是負(fù)載均衡能力還是算法運(yùn)行效率,本文提出的ITM-LB算法都要優(yōu)于TM-LB算法。
[Abstract]:SDN / Open flow (SDN / Open flow) is a new network architecture, which separates the traditional closed network architecture into data plane and control plane. With good controllability and flexibility. SDN is beginning to be introduced into networks under many scenarios. These include WAN. The following technical challenges exist in applying SDN/OpenFlow to WAN: limited by link physical distance, extended communication time between controller and switch, resulting in the arrival of new streams. The problem of long path time for new data flow. Current research mainly uses source routing (such as Slick flow). These solutions have problems: packets need to carry larger and longer header information. It is not good for hardware realization; The modification of OpenFlow protocol is not conducive to popularization and application. This paper makes a thorough study of the above problems and puts forward corresponding solutions. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) A label routing mechanism based on OpenFlow is proposed, and the OpenFlow protocol is not modified. In this paper, the label information is stored in the VLAN header domain of QinQ, which is compared with SlickFlow. It is demonstrated that the label in this paper can only increase the transmission delay by 0.26-6.25% and the operation delay by less than 0.52us. The results of analysis and experiment show that the proposed label can increase the transmission delay by 0.26-6.25% and the operation delay by less than 0.52us. When the new stream arrives, the traffic between the switch and the controller can be reduced, thus reducing the average network delay. (2) A label allocation mechanism based on OpenFlow is designed. This paper discusses how to allocate and manage label routing. Based on the technology of Ryu controller and MongoDB, we design a system that can distribute, manage, store and distribute tags. At the same time, the system has good expansibility. Finally, a prototype system of label allocation mechanism is built on Shengke V150 switch and EX2000 topology connector. The experimental results show that. The prototype system can effectively allocate the sending label and delete the label information in the network. 3) based on the traffic matrix. This paper discusses how to realize network link load balance by label allocation. Firstly, the research of measurement flow matrix in SDN is discussed. A general method of measuring the flow matrix is given, and then improved based on the traffic matrix load balancing algorithm (TM-LB). ITM-LB algorithm is proposed in this paper. The real and random flow matrix is used to carry out two simulation experiments, and the experimental results show that. ITM-LB and TM-LB algorithms can be used to distribute labels to achieve link load balancing. However, both load balancing ability and algorithm efficiency can be achieved. The proposed ITM-LB algorithm is superior to the TM-LB algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP393.0

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