【摘要】：目前，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷發(fā)展，物流行業(yè)也隨之飛速成長(zhǎng)，作為物流行業(yè)重要組成部分的集裝箱運(yùn)輸行業(yè)得到越來越多的重視。素有門到門運(yùn)輸之稱的集裝箱中短途模式非常普遍，但運(yùn)輸方式卻還不成熟，需要一種新型高效的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)形式來提高運(yùn)輸效率。這樣集裝箱自裝卸運(yùn)輸車這一靈活快捷的運(yùn)輸車輛漸漸被各大企業(yè)所重視，紛紛投入研發(fā)之中。本文就以研發(fā)初期關(guān)鍵步驟之一的工作裝置鉸點(diǎn)位置優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)為對(duì)象進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究。 首先，介紹了集裝箱自裝卸運(yùn)輸車工作裝置的基本結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理。起重裝置有單側(cè)平行式、單側(cè)交叉式和雙側(cè)等形式，支撐裝置有交錯(cuò)式一級(jí)伸縮支腿、交錯(cuò)式二級(jí)伸縮支腿和大跨距支腿等形式。工況有自裝卸作業(yè)、堆垛作業(yè)和車對(duì)車作業(yè)等。在ADAMS環(huán)境中，建立常用工作裝置的動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真參數(shù)化模型，重點(diǎn)介紹了建模中的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，即約束函數(shù)、運(yùn)動(dòng)函數(shù)和載荷函數(shù)的參數(shù)化建模等。完全參數(shù)化的模型可以完成試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)等工作，是后續(xù)工作的基礎(chǔ)。 其次，研究了工作裝置鉸點(diǎn)位置對(duì)工作性能的影響。這里的工作性能包括油缸載荷情況和工作幅度。以單側(cè)交叉式側(cè)面吊為例，，分別對(duì)上下臂總成進(jìn)行分析，步驟相同。首先建立結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，通過數(shù)學(xué)方程與鉸點(diǎn)之間幾何關(guān)系分析歸納出鉸點(diǎn)是如何影響相應(yīng)的油缸載荷與工作幅度的。然后利用ADAMS中的參數(shù)化模型，對(duì)各鉸點(diǎn)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)研究與試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)，得到大量數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行整理分析得到鉸點(diǎn)位置與工作性能之間的影響規(guī)律。最后將兩種方法的結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比，總結(jié)出最終結(jié)論。 再次，以ADAMS中的參數(shù)化模型為基礎(chǔ)，運(yùn)用ADAMS軟件提供的CommandLanguage二次開發(fā)語言，開發(fā)出集裝箱自裝卸運(yùn)輸車工作裝置專用的鉸點(diǎn)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái)。該平臺(tái)分為模型選擇模塊、條件輸入模塊、參數(shù)化模型確定與修改模塊、優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)模塊與結(jié)果輸出模塊五大模塊。開發(fā)過程包括運(yùn)用菜單語法來編輯用戶菜單、定制用戶對(duì)話框以及各模塊的功能實(shí)現(xiàn)等內(nèi)容。然后利用平臺(tái)對(duì)40t單側(cè)吊進(jìn)行了鉸點(diǎn)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的工作，還仿真分析了機(jī)構(gòu)的工作特性。優(yōu)化結(jié)果顯著，仿真分析結(jié)果、優(yōu)化過程和結(jié)果印證了前面內(nèi)容的正確性與實(shí)用性。 最后，將全文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了概括總結(jié)，并根據(jù)本文的成果與不足對(duì)未來相關(guān)工作進(jìn)行了展望。
[Abstract]:At present, with the development of our economy, the logistics industry is growing rapidly. As an important part of the logistics industry, the container transport industry has been paid more and more attention. The short distance mode of container is very common, but the mode of transportation is not mature, so we need a new type of efficient transshipment to improve the transportation efficiency. So container self-loading and unloading vehicle, a flexible and fast transport vehicle, has been paid more and more attention by many enterprises and put into R & D one after another. In this paper, the optimization design of the hinge position of the working device, which is one of the key steps in the initial stage of R & D, is studied. Firstly, the basic structure and working principle of container self-loading and unloading vehicle are introduced. There are single side parallel type, single side cross type and double side type of lifting device. The support device has staggered first-stage telescopic leg, staggered two-stage telescopic leg and long span leg and so on. Working conditions are self-loading and unloading operations, stacking operations and car-to-car operations and so on. In the environment of ADAMS, the parameterized model of dynamic simulation of common working device is established, and the key and difficult points in modeling are introduced, such as the parameterized modeling of constraint function, motion function and load function, etc. The fully parameterized model can complete the experimental design and optimization design, which is the basis of the follow-up work. Secondly, the influence of the hinge position on the working performance is studied. The working performance here includes cylinder load and working range. Taking the single side cross side suspension as an example, the upper and lower arm assemblies are analyzed respectively, and the steps are the same. Firstly, the mathematical model of the structure is established, and through the analysis of the geometric relationship between the mathematical equation and the hinge point, it is concluded how the hinge point affects the corresponding cylinder load and working amplitude. Then, by using the parametric model in ADAMS, the design and experimental design of each hinge point is carried out, and a large number of data are obtained, and the influence law between the location of hinge point and the working performance is obtained by sorting out and analyzing the data. Finally, the results of the two methods are compared and the final conclusions are concluded. Thirdly, based on the parameterized model in ADAMS and the CommandLanguage secondary development language provided by ADAMS software, a special hinge optimization design platform for container self-loading and unloading vehicle working device is developed. The platform is divided into five modules: model selection module, conditional input module, parameterized model determination and modification module, optimization design module and result output module. The development process includes editing the user menu using menu syntax, customizing the user dialog box and realizing the function of each module. Then, the optimal design of hinge point of 40t single side crane is carried out by using the platform, and the working characteristics of the mechanism are also simulated and analyzed. The results of simulation analysis, optimization process and results confirm the correctness and practicability of the above contents. Finally, the full text is summarized, and the future work is prospected according to the achievements and shortcomings of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U469.4

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