本文選題：赤鐵礦　切入點(diǎn)：鏈箅機(jī)-回轉(zhuǎn)窯　出處：《北京科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著高爐爐料結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展及鋼鐵短流程興起,氧化球團(tuán)的需求量逐漸增加,但受磁鐵礦資源限制,以赤鐵礦為原料制備氧化球團(tuán)逐步成為關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。然而,赤鐵礦生產(chǎn)氧化球團(tuán)存在預(yù)熱溫度和焙燒溫度高、高溫焙燒固結(jié)性能差、還原膨脹率高、回轉(zhuǎn)窯易結(jié)圈等難點(diǎn),因此,開展鏈箅機(jī)-回轉(zhuǎn)窯制備全赤鐵礦氧化球團(tuán)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究,對(duì)我國(guó)鋼鐵企業(yè)大量利用赤鐵礦制備氧化球團(tuán)具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。由于磁鐵礦資源日益短缺,我國(guó)少數(shù)鏈箅機(jī)-回轉(zhuǎn)窯球團(tuán)生產(chǎn)線開始配加赤鐵礦生產(chǎn)氧化球團(tuán),當(dāng)赤鐵礦配加到一定程度,出現(xiàn)生球爆裂、粉末過(guò)多、抗壓強(qiáng)度降低、回轉(zhuǎn)窯結(jié)圈頻繁等現(xiàn)象。本論文以國(guó)內(nèi)首條全赤鐵礦鏈箅機(jī)-回轉(zhuǎn)窯200萬(wàn)噸/年球團(tuán)工程為研究背景,解析赤鐵礦制備氧化球團(tuán)的難點(diǎn)及實(shí)施工程化應(yīng)用,為我國(guó)赤鐵礦球團(tuán)生產(chǎn)提供成功范例和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。系統(tǒng)研究了赤鐵礦的成球性能、干燥預(yù)熱性能及焙燒性能,確定了赤鐵礦適宜的成球工藝參數(shù)、干燥預(yù)熱參數(shù)及焙燒工藝參數(shù),深入優(yōu)化生球制備工藝、研發(fā)鏈箅機(jī)和回轉(zhuǎn)窯關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。在鏈箅機(jī)-回轉(zhuǎn)窯球團(tuán)生產(chǎn)線,基于赤鐵礦球團(tuán)的入窯粉末更易軟熔引起結(jié)圈及富氧焙燒的優(yōu)勢(shì),首次研發(fā)與應(yīng)用回轉(zhuǎn)窯窯尾熱篩新工藝減少結(jié)圈,以及應(yīng)用富氧焙燒技術(shù)。赤鐵礦鏈箅機(jī)-回轉(zhuǎn)窯球團(tuán)工程化應(yīng)用表明,工藝流程達(dá)到集約化,物流運(yùn)輸累積時(shí)間為6.04min,固廢資源實(shí)現(xiàn)減量化二次利用;熱工制度優(yōu)化表明,工序能耗由2013年的37.03kgce/t降為32.86kgce/t,粘結(jié)劑消耗量?jī)H為10.3kg/t,抗壓強(qiáng)度達(dá)2707N/P,工序能耗與南美帶式焙燒機(jī)工序能耗相差不多,但鏈箅機(jī)-回轉(zhuǎn)窯制備的氧化球團(tuán)質(zhì)量更優(yōu),總體投資比帶式烙燒機(jī)低近20%。蛇紋石用量對(duì)赤鐵礦氧化球團(tuán)性能的影響表明,蛇紋石有助于赤鐵礦生球性能、預(yù)熱球團(tuán)和焙燒球團(tuán)抗壓強(qiáng)度提高,以及還原膨脹率降低;氧化球團(tuán)微觀結(jié)構(gòu)研究表明,在焙燒固結(jié)過(guò)程中MgO與Fe_2O_3無(wú)限固溶,促使固相擴(kuò)散反應(yīng)發(fā)生,從而提高氧化球團(tuán)的固結(jié)強(qiáng)度。制備蛇紋石赤鐵礦氧化球團(tuán)工業(yè)試驗(yàn)表明,球團(tuán)的原料綜合成本降低35.87元/t,氧化球團(tuán)的抗壓強(qiáng)度和冶金性能得到改善;高爐配加蛇紋石氧化球團(tuán)期間,鐵水合格率達(dá)到99.97%,一級(jí)品率達(dá)到75.06%,鐵水質(zhì)量得到提高,爐渣堿度由1.14增至1.15,w(MgO)/w(Al_2O_3)上升至0.58.
[Abstract]:With the development of blast furnace charge structure and the rise of short process of iron and steel, the demand of oxidized pellets increases gradually. However, due to the limitation of magnetite resources, the preparation of oxidized pellets from hematite has gradually become the focus. The production of oxidized pellets from hematite has some difficulties, such as high preheating temperature and calcination temperature, poor consolidation performance of high temperature roasting, high reduction expansion rate, easy ring formation in rotary kiln, etc. The research on the key technology of preparing total hematite oxide pellets by grate rotary kiln has important practical significance for iron and steel enterprises in our country to make full use of hematite to prepare oxidized pellets. A few grate-rotary kiln pellets production lines in China begin to add hematite to produce oxidized pellets. When hematite is added to a certain extent, there will be balling, too much powder and lower compressive strength. In this paper, based on the research background of the first holatite grate-rotary kiln 2 million t / a pellet project in China, the difficulties in preparing oxidized pellets from hematite and its engineering application are analyzed. This paper provides a successful example and practical experience for hematite pellet production in China. The pelletizing properties, drying preheating properties and roasting properties of hematite are systematically studied, and the appropriate technological parameters of hematite pelletizing are determined. Drying preheating parameters and roasting process parameters, optimizing raw pellet preparation technology, researching and developing the key technology of grate machine and rotary kiln. Based on the advantages of hematite pellets, which are easier to be melted into the kiln and roasted by oxygen enrichment, a new technology of heat screen at the end of the rotary kiln is developed and applied to reduce the ring formation for the first time. The engineering application of hematite grate and rotary kiln pellets shows that the technological process is intensive, the accumulated time of logistics transportation is 6.04 min, the solid waste resources can be reduced and secondary utilization is realized, and the optimization of thermal engineering system shows that, The energy consumption of the process was reduced from 37.03 kg / t in 2013 to 32.86 kg / t, the consumption of binder was only 10.3 kg / t, the compressive strength was 2707 N / P, and the energy consumption of the process was not much different from that of the energy consumption in the process of the South American belt roaster, but the quality of the oxidized pellets prepared by the grate machine and rotary kiln was better. The effect of the amount of serpentine on the properties of hematite oxide pellets shows that serpentine contributes to the properties of hematite pellets, increases the compressive strength of preheated pellets and roasted pellets, and reduces the reduction expansion rate. The microstructure study of oxidized pellets shows that the solution of MgO and Fe_2O_3 is infinite during roasting and consolidation, which promotes the reaction of solid diffusion, and thus improves the consolidation strength of oxidized pellets. The industrial test of preparing serpentine hematite oxide pellets shows that, The comprehensive cost of pellets was reduced by 35.87 yuan / t, and the compressive strength and metallurgical properties of oxidized pellets were improved. During the process of adding serpentine oxide pellets to blast furnace, the qualified rate of hot metal reached 99.97%, the rate of first-grade products reached 75.06%, and the quality of hot metal was improved. The alkalinity of slag increased from 1.14 to 1.15mg / w\\\%\\\'\\\ {\}\%\\\
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TF046.6

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