本文選題：RFID　切入點：防碰撞算法　出處：《湖南大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)被確定為國家戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)之一,作為其關鍵技術的RFID技術成為當下研究的熱點。RFID是一種非接觸式的自動識別系統(tǒng),一般由讀寫器、電子標簽及計算機網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)3部分組成。電子標簽儲存相關物品信息,與讀寫器間通過射頻信號完成通信,最終的數(shù)據(jù)可傳遞至計算機網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)完成對數(shù)據(jù)的規(guī)�；c自動化的管理及控制。RFID系統(tǒng)由于其讀取高效、無線識別等優(yōu)勢被廣泛應用于倉儲物流、定位識別、安全防偽等多個領域。實際應用中,防碰撞算法性能的好壞往往很大程度上決定了RFID系統(tǒng)性能的高低,大規(guī)模、多品類或者高移速的電子標簽與讀寫器通信時往往發(fā)生數(shù)據(jù)碰撞,不僅降低了識別的效率,有時候甚至發(fā)生數(shù)據(jù)丟失,這都是防碰撞算法急需解決的問題。本文首先介紹了RFID技術及RFID系統(tǒng)的基本組成及工作原理,針對電子標簽與讀寫器通信過程中可能發(fā)生的數(shù)據(jù)碰撞問題,對幾種常用的防碰撞方法以及算法進行了比較研究。ALOHA類算法簡單易實現(xiàn),但容易發(fā)生數(shù)據(jù)丟失,相較而言,二進制樹類算法準確性更好,但對設備要求更高,且實時性較差,本文提出一種融合二者優(yōu)勢的新型算法,在二進制樹的基礎上融合ALOHA時隙的思想,對所提算法進行了MATLAB仿真測試,測試結果表明,對比經(jīng)典算法,新算法不僅可以有效降低算法的碰撞概率,同時由于整個通信過程的簡化,系統(tǒng)的能量消耗也得到了有效控制,新算法非常適用于小規(guī)模簡單應用的RFID系統(tǒng)中。
[Abstract]:The Internet of things has been identified as one of the national strategic emerging industries. As its key technology, RFID technology has become a hot spot in current research. It is a contactless automatic identification system, which is generally written by readers. The electronic tag and the computer network system are composed of three parts. The electronic tag stores the information of the related articles, and communicates with the reader through the radio frequency signal. The final data can be transferred to the computer network system to complete the management and control of the scale and automation of the data. RFID system has been widely used in warehouse logistics, location identification and so on because of its high reading efficiency, wireless identification and other advantages. In practical application, the performance of anti-collision algorithm often determines the performance of RFID system to a large extent. Data collisions often occur when multi-category or high-speed electronic tags communicate with the reader, which not only reduces the efficiency of recognition, but sometimes even occurs data loss. This paper first introduces the basic composition and working principle of RFID technology and RFID system, aiming at the data collision problem that may occur in the communication between electronic tag and reader. Several commonly used anti-collision methods and algorithms are compared. The Aloha algorithm is simple and easy to realize, but it is prone to data loss. Compared with the binary tree algorithm, the accuracy of binary tree algorithm is better, but the requirement of equipment is higher, and the real-time performance is poor. In this paper, a new algorithm combining the advantages of the two algorithms is proposed. The idea of ALOHA time slot is fused on the basis of binary tree, and the MATLAB simulation test of the proposed algorithm is carried out. The test results show that the proposed algorithm is compared with the classical algorithm. The new algorithm not only can effectively reduce the collision probability of the algorithm, but also can effectively control the energy consumption of the system because of the simplification of the whole communication process. The new algorithm is very suitable for small scale simple application of RFID systems.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP391.44

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