本文關(guān)鍵詞： 鐵路零擔(dān)貨物 運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò) 全程物流 網(wǎng)點布局 貨源分配　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國鐵路零擔(dān)貨運(yùn)經(jīng)歷了繁榮期、衰退期,再到如今的發(fā)展新時期,在鐵路零擔(dān)運(yùn)量急劇減小的情況下,2013年鐵路提出貨運(yùn)組織改革,貨運(yùn)站重新開放辦理零擔(dān)貨物,對新時期的零擔(dān)貨運(yùn)提出了更高的要求。隨著我國社會物流企業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展,現(xiàn)代物流理念及技術(shù)被廣泛重視及應(yīng)用的今天,鐵路零擔(dān)貨運(yùn)難以滿足現(xiàn)代物流發(fā)展要求的弊端愈發(fā)凸顯。鐵路零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為貨物經(jīng)營及流動的載體,對貨運(yùn)服務(wù)質(zhì)量起著決定性的作用,為適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代物流的發(fā)展趨勢,對鐵路零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計,具有重要的理論意義和實際應(yīng)用價值。 本文在以現(xiàn)代物流思想為原則,充分考慮鐵路零擔(dān)貨運(yùn)的特點,以縮短運(yùn)輸時間、完善運(yùn)輸服務(wù)、提高鐵路競爭力為目的,對鐵路零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行如下研究： (1)研究我國鐵路零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)的演變。以2006年取消零擔(dān)中轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)務(wù)和2013年鐵路貨運(yùn)組織改革為重要時間節(jié)點,分析鐵路零擔(dān)貨運(yùn)三個發(fā)展階段運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特點及發(fā)展趨勢,為網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計及優(yōu)化提供依據(jù)。 (2)分析現(xiàn)代物流思想對我國鐵路零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)的影響。在深入研究現(xiàn)代物流發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上,研究目前我國鐵路零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)存在的不足,確定網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化的著手點,分析為提升鐵路自身競爭力,優(yōu)化設(shè)計鐵路零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)的必然性。 (3)優(yōu)化設(shè)計鐵路零擔(dān)貨物經(jīng)營網(wǎng)絡(luò)。重點研究經(jīng)營網(wǎng)點的布局,以快速響應(yīng)、滿足客戶需求為原則,合理選取若干影響網(wǎng)點布局的因素,設(shè)計兩階段優(yōu)化方法,首先二維分析方法確定城市網(wǎng)點需求總數(shù),然后以整體運(yùn)輸需求下時間效用和經(jīng)濟(jì)效用為目標(biāo)建立模型,確定網(wǎng)點合理分布。 (4)優(yōu)化設(shè)計鐵路零擔(dān)貨物運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)。首先優(yōu)化門到站集疏貨運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò),以物流全程化、貨源集中化為原則,設(shè)計并優(yōu)化門到站集疏貨運(yùn)輸?shù)膸追N運(yùn)輸模式；其次優(yōu)化站到站干線運(yùn)輸,重點研究零擔(dān)貨物的貨源分配方法,從而達(dá)到集中貨源的目的,以貨物到站運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)效益最大和貨物在站集結(jié)時間最短為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)建立多目標(biāo)0-1規(guī)劃模型,求得各貨運(yùn)站分別適合辦理哪些流向的零擔(dān)貨物,最后通過案例分析驗證方法的優(yōu)化性及可行性。
[Abstract]:In 2013, the railway freight transportation reform was put forward in 2013 when the railway freight transport of the railway has experienced a prosperous period, a recession period, and now the development of a new period, in the case of a sharp reduction in the volume of railway freight cargoes. With the rapid development of China's social logistics enterprises, modern logistics concepts and technologies have been widely paid attention to and applied today. The drawback of railway freight transportation which is difficult to meet the requirements of modern logistics development is becoming more and more prominent. As the carrier of cargo operation and flow, railway cargo network plays a decisive role in the quality of freight transport services. In order to adapt to the development trend of modern logistics, it is of great theoretical significance and practical application value to optimize the design of railway cargoes operation network. This article takes the modern logistics thought as the principle, fully considers the railway carload freight characteristic, in order to shorten the transportation time, consummates the transportation service, enhances the railway competition ability as the goal. The following studies have been carried out on the railway cargoes operation network: 1) to study the evolution of railway cargoes operation network in China. The important time node is to cancel the partial freight transit service on 2006 and to reform the railway freight transport organization in 2013. This paper analyzes the characteristics and development trend of railway partial freight transport operation network in three stages of development, and provides the basis for network design and optimization. 2) analyzing the influence of modern logistics thought on railway cargoes operation network in China. On the basis of deeply studying the development of modern logistics, this paper studies the shortcomings of railway cargoes operation network in our country at present. This paper determines the starting point of network optimization and analyzes the inevitability of optimizing the railway cargoes operation network in order to enhance the railway competitiveness and optimize the design of railway cargoes operation network. 3) optimizing the design of railway cargoes management network, focusing on the layout of operation network, taking quick response and satisfying customer demand as the principle, reasonably selecting some factors that affect the distribution of network. The two-stage optimization method is designed. Firstly, the total number of urban network demand is determined by two-dimensional analysis method, and then the time utility and economic utility under the overall transportation demand are taken as the goal to establish a model to determine the reasonable distribution of the network. First, optimize the door-to-station collection and sparse freight transportation network, take the logistics as a whole process, and centralize the source of goods as the principle. Design and optimize several transportation modes of door-to-station transportation; Secondly, optimize the trunk line transportation of station to station, and focus on the distribution method of cargo source of cargoes, so as to achieve the purpose of centralizing the source of goods. Taking the maximum economic benefit of cargo arrival and the shortest assembling time of goods at the station as the optimization objective, a multi-objective 0-1 planning model is established to find out which flow direction of cargo is suitable for each freight station. Finally, the optimization and feasibility of the method are verified by case study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F532.6;U294.4

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