本文選題：光伏產(chǎn)業(yè) + 企業(yè)效率��； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：面對(duì)日益嚴(yán)峻的能源和環(huán)境問(wèn)題，發(fā)展可再生能源包括光伏發(fā)電已是勢(shì)在必行。目前，我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)處于發(fā)展的早期階段，這預(yù)示著巨大的潛力，有研究結(jié)論認(rèn)為其穩(wěn)定的高增長(zhǎng)率將保持到2030年乃至更遠(yuǎn)。光伏發(fā)電前景廣闊，給光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造了巨大空間。經(jīng)過(guò)多年的發(fā)展，，我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)已經(jīng)具有一定的規(guī)模。2011年底，我國(guó)多晶硅產(chǎn)量達(dá)8.4萬(wàn)噸，光伏電池組件產(chǎn)量達(dá)到21GW。光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的總產(chǎn)值超過(guò)了3000億元，就業(yè)人數(shù)接近50萬(wàn)人，全球前十大多晶硅企業(yè)中我國(guó)占據(jù)4席，前十大硅片、電池片和組件企業(yè)中，我國(guó)各占據(jù)6席。然而，我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展是否也使我國(guó)光伏企業(yè)的效率得到顯著地提升呢？ 本文采用DEA模型來(lái)研究我國(guó)光伏業(yè)上市公司的效率問(wèn)題。DEA模型是1978被A. Charnes、W. W. Cooper和E. Rhodes以相對(duì)效率為基礎(chǔ)提出的。DEA模型的基本思路是把每一個(gè)被評(píng)價(jià)單位作為一個(gè)決策單元(DMU)，再由眾多的DMU構(gòu)成被評(píng)價(jià)群體，通過(guò)對(duì)投入和產(chǎn)出比率的綜合分析，以DMU的各個(gè)投入和產(chǎn)出指標(biāo)的權(quán)重為變量進(jìn)行運(yùn)算，從而確定有效生產(chǎn)前沿面，并根據(jù)各DMU與有效生產(chǎn)前沿面的距離，確定各DMU是否為DEA有效。同時(shí)，借助于投影方法可以分析造成企業(yè)效率非DEA有效或弱DEA有效的原因，并指出改進(jìn)的方向和程度。 本文分為六章。第一章是緒論，主要介紹了研究的背景、目的和意義及研究的方法等。第二章是相關(guān)概念和文獻(xiàn)綜述，著重介紹了光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)、企業(yè)效率等概念以及相關(guān)問(wèn)題的研究狀況。第三章是我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史與現(xiàn)狀分析，概述了我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程、產(chǎn)業(yè)主要集聚區(qū)和區(qū)內(nèi)重點(diǎn)企業(yè)，分析了我國(guó)光伏市場(chǎng)供需現(xiàn)狀和光伏技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀。第四章是基于DEA模型的效率評(píng)價(jià)體系的構(gòu)建。第五章里用DEA模型對(duì)我國(guó)光伏業(yè)上市公司進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究，選取國(guó)內(nèi)23家上市光伏企業(yè)，用有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算，對(duì)企業(yè)的效率作出評(píng)價(jià)，并依據(jù)分析結(jié)果給出提高企業(yè)效率的路徑。第六章是結(jié)論與后續(xù)研究的建議。研究得到的結(jié)論是：從2009年到2011年，我國(guó)光伏上市公司的綜合技術(shù)效率逐年提升，綜合技術(shù)效率值在0.9以上，處于較高的水平；雖然非DEA有效的公司的數(shù)量變化不大，但是在樣本總數(shù)中占大部分（約為65%），需要對(duì)其投入和產(chǎn)出進(jìn)行調(diào)整；規(guī)模報(bào)酬不變的企業(yè)的數(shù)量幾乎無(wú)變化，而規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞增企業(yè)和規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞減企業(yè)的數(shù)量變化較大�？傊ㄟ^(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)光伏業(yè)上市公司的效率的研究，可以比較深入地認(rèn)識(shí)我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀，可以為上市光伏公司提高效率提供思路，也可以為諸多亟待上市的光伏公司提升業(yè)績(jī)有所借鑒。
[Abstract]:In the face of increasingly severe energy and environmental problems, it is imperative to develop renewable energy sources, including photovoltaic power generation. At present, the photovoltaic industry in China is in the early stage of development, which indicates great potential. The prospect of photovoltaic power generation is broad, which creates a huge space for the development of photovoltaic industry. After years of development, the photovoltaic industry in China has a certain scale. At the end of 2011, the output of polysilicon in China reached 84000 tons, and the output of photovoltaic cell modules reached 21GW. The total output value of photovoltaic industry exceeds 300 billion yuan, and the number of employed people is close to 500000. Among the top ten polysilicon enterprises in the world, China occupies 4 seats, and among the top 10 silicon wafers, battery chips and components enterprises, China occupies 6 seats each. However, does the rapid development of photovoltaic industry in China also make the efficiency of photovoltaic enterprises in China to be significantly improved? In this paper, we use DEA model to study the efficiency of listed companies in photovoltaic industry in China. The DEA model is 1978, which is put forward by A. Charnesn W. Cooper and E. Rhodes on the basis of relative efficiency. The basic idea of this model is to treat each evaluated unit as a. The Decision-Making Unit (DMU) is composed of a large number of DMU. Through the comprehensive analysis of the ratio of input and output, the weights of each input and output index of DMU are used as variables to calculate the effective production frontier, and according to the distance between each DMU and the effective production frontier, Determine whether each DMU is valid for DEA. At the same time, by means of projection method, we can analyze the causes of non-DEA effectiveness or weak DEA efficiency of enterprise efficiency, and point out the direction and degree of improvement. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background, the purpose and the significance as well as the research method and so on. The second chapter is the related concepts and literature review, focusing on the PV industry, enterprise efficiency and other concepts as well as the research status of related issues. The third chapter is the development history and the present situation analysis of the photovoltaic industry in our country, summarized the development course of the photovoltaic industry of our country, the main industry agglomeration area and the key enterprise in the area, analyzed our country photovoltaic market supply and demand present situation and the photovoltaic technology present situation. The fourth chapter is the construction of efficiency evaluation system based on DEA model. The fifth chapter uses the DEA model to carry on the empirical research to our country photovoltaic industry listed company, selects the domestic 23 listed photovoltaic enterprises, carries on the calculation with the related data, makes the appraisal to the enterprise's efficiency. According to the analysis results, the way to improve the efficiency of enterprises is given. The sixth chapter is the conclusion and the suggestion of follow-up study. The conclusion is: from 2009 to 2011, the comprehensive technical efficiency of listed photovoltaic companies in China has been improved year by year, and the efficiency of integrated technology is above 0.9, which is at a higher level, although the number of non-effective DEA companies does not change much. However, it accounts for most of the total sample (about 65%), which needs to adjust its input and output; the number of enterprises with constant returns of scale has almost no change, while the number of enterprises with increasing returns of scale and decreasing returns of scale has a great change. In a word, by studying the efficiency of listed companies in photovoltaic industry in China, we can have a deeper understanding of the current situation of the photovoltaic industry in our country, and can provide ideas for the listed photovoltaic companies to improve their efficiency. It can also be used for reference for many photovoltaic companies that need to be listed urgently to improve their performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426.61

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本文編號(hào)：1920035