【摘要】：中國是海洋大國，海島眾多，擁有面積大于500平方米的海島7300多個，以群島、列島和獨立島嶼的形式分布于渤海、黃海、東海和南海四個海區(qū)。海島岸線總長14000多千米，海島陸域總面積近8萬平方千米，占全國陸地總面積的0.8%。中國12個海島縣（區(qū)）自北而南依次為遼寧長�？h，山東長島縣，上海崇明縣，浙江舟山市二區(qū)二縣（定海區(qū)、普陀區(qū)、岱山縣、嵊泗縣）、玉環(huán)縣和洞頭縣，福建平潭縣和東山縣，廣東南澳縣，共有大、小島嶼1738個，占全國海島的26.7%，其中有居民海島176個，占全國有居民海島的42%。自2009年《海南國際旅游島建設發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要》獲批以來，隨著政府的重視和政策的逐步傾斜，加上海島地區(qū)經濟實力不斷壯大、居民人居環(huán)境不段改善、海島旅游資源開發(fā)能力不斷提高，海島旅游開發(fā)成為新一輪海洋經濟的熱點。 海島不僅是我國壯大海洋經濟、拓展發(fā)展空間的重要依托，還是保護海洋環(huán)境、維護生態(tài)平衡的重要平臺，然而我國的海島旅游開發(fā)和海島保護工作起步均較晚，缺乏經驗借鑒，存在著海島旅游環(huán)境承載力下降，海島旅游無序無度開發(fā)、重復開發(fā)建設等一系列問題，海島旅游開發(fā)空間格局上不盡合理。海島旅游環(huán)境承載力的測度和評價不僅可以衡量旅游活動對海島環(huán)境各方面的動態(tài)影響，而且可以為海島旅游開發(fā)的功能定位的和開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略制定提供參考和依據(jù)。海島旅游功能區(qū)劃不僅可以實現(xiàn)對海島旅游資源的有序開發(fā)、優(yōu)化配置和合理布局保證海島旅游的持續(xù)發(fā)展，還有利于進一步加強對海島旅游資源規(guī)劃開發(fā)和空間布局管理，促進我國海島旅游開發(fā)的差異化和發(fā)展空間布局不斷合理化。 首先，綜述了國外海島旅游、國內海島旅游以及海島縣域層面上旅游研究進展，國內外旅游環(huán)境承載力和旅游功能區(qū)劃研究進展，并通過界定相關概念，歸納海島旅游環(huán)境承載力和海島旅游功能區(qū)劃基礎理論，為后續(xù)的研究提供了研究背景、理論基礎和方法依托。 其次，分別從歷史地理環(huán)境、資源生態(tài)環(huán)境、社會經濟環(huán)境三個角度出發(fā)研究我國12個海島縣（區(qū)）旅游開發(fā)基礎環(huán)境，，分析其歷史、地理、資源、生態(tài)、社會和經濟發(fā)展狀況和區(qū)域特征，為12個海島縣（區(qū)）旅游環(huán)境承載力水平的測度、旅游功能區(qū)劃分與定位提供基礎支撐。 再次，以沿海12個海島縣（區(qū)）行政分區(qū)作為研究對象，首先，構建海島縣（區(qū)）旅游環(huán)境承載力評價指標體系；其次，選擇物元評價模型作為12個海島縣（區(qū)）旅游環(huán)境承載力評價方法，測度我國12個海島縣（區(qū)）2006～2011年旅游環(huán)境承載力水平，并分析根其旅游環(huán)境承載力水平和狀況的時空差異和特征。 最后，在分析我國12個海島縣（區(qū)）旅游環(huán)境承載狀況空間差異特的基礎上，制定其旅游功能區(qū)劃方案，初步繪出我國海島縣（區(qū)）旅游功能區(qū)劃圖；依據(jù)其旅游功能區(qū)劃，提出與沿海各地區(qū)的經濟發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和旅游發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略協(xié)調一致的各海島縣（區(qū)）旅游功能定位，并從規(guī)劃、管理、人才、宣傳四個角度出發(fā)提出中國海島縣（區(qū)）旅游可持續(xù)發(fā)展對策，對各海島縣（區(qū)）進行旅游用島統(tǒng)籌，從宏觀統(tǒng)籌角度實現(xiàn)對中國海島縣（區(qū)）旅游環(huán)境承載力水平的有效調控。
[Abstract]:China is a great ocean power, with many islands and more than 7300 islands with an area of more than 500 square meters, distributed in the islands, the islands and the independent islands in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea. The total length of the island's coastline is 14000km, and the land area of the island is about 80,000 square kilometers, accounting for 0.8% of the total land area of the whole country. China's 12 sea-island counties (districts) are from the north and south, in order to be Liaoning Changhai County, Shandong Changdao County, Shanghai Chongming County, the second two counties of Zhoushan, Zhejiang (the fixed sea area, Putuo District, Putuo District, Putuo County, Putuo County), Yuhuan County and Dongtou County, and the Pingtan County of Fujian and the Dongshan County, and the Nanao County, Guangdong. The small island is 1738, accounting for 26. 7% of the island of the whole country, of which 176 are the islands of the population, accounting for 42% of the island in the whole country. Since the Outline of the Development and Development of the International Tourism Island in Hainan Province in 2009, with the increasing attention and policy of the government, with the increasing economic strength of the island, the residential environment of the residents is not improved, and the development ability of the island tourism resources is improved. The development of island tourism has become a hot spot of a new round of marine economy. The island is not only an important platform for China to expand the ocean economy, to expand the development space, but also to protect the marine environment and maintain the ecological balance. However, the island tourism development and the island protection work in our country are both late and lack of experience. For reference, there are a series of problems such as the decrease of the bearing capacity of the island tourism environment, the development of the island tourism disorder and the repeated development and construction, and the island tourism development space pattern is not much The measurement and evaluation of the bearing capacity of the island tourism environment can not only measure the dynamic influence of the tourism activities on the island environment, but also provide reference for the development of the island tourism and the development strategy. The island tourism function zoning not only can realize the orderly development of the island tourism resources, optimize the allocation and rational layout, ensure the continuous development of the island tourism, but also can further strengthen the planning and development and the space layout of the island tourism resources. The Management and Promotion of the Differentiation and Development of the Island Tourism Development in China In the first part, the research progress on tourism, domestic island tourism and island county level is reviewed, and the research progress of tourism environment bearing capacity and tourism function division at home and abroad is reviewed. Based on the related concept, the basic theory of island tourism environment carrying capacity and island tourism function division is summarized, and the research background and theoretical foundation are provided for the follow-up research. Secondly, from the three aspects of the historical geographical environment, the resource ecological environment and the social and economic environment, the paper studies the basic environment of the tourism development of the 12 sea-island counties in China, and analyzes its history, geography, resources, ecological, social and economic development. The development status and the regional characteristics are the measure of the bearing capacity level of the tourism environment in the 12 Haima counties (districts), and the tourism functional area is divided and divided. The basic support is provided. The evaluation index system of the bearing capacity of the tourism environment of the Shidao County (district) is first constructed by taking the administrative division of 12 Haima counties (districts) along the coast as the study object. Secondly, the evaluation model of the object element is selected as the 12 Haima county (district). The evaluation method of the bearing capacity of the tourism environment, measure the bearing capacity level of the tourism environment in 12 sea-island counties (districts) in China from 2006 to 2011, and analyze the bearing capacity of the tourism environment in the country In the end, on the basis of analyzing the space difference of the tourism environment of the 12 Haima counties (districts) in China, the tourism function division scheme is developed, and the tourism work of the county (district) of China is preliminarily drawn. According to the tourism function division, the paper puts forward the function location of the tourism function of the Haima counties (districts), which are coordinated with the economic development strategy and the tourism development strategy of the coastal regions, and set out the tourism functions from the four angles of planning, management, talent and propaganda. The tourism sustainable development countermeasure of the island county (district), to the island county (district) to carry on the island integration of the island, from the macro-integrated angle to the island county of China (district)
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F592.7

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