【摘要】：大規(guī)模的旅游流以及游客對(duì)資源型景區(qū)公益化和高品質(zhì)的要求,給旅游業(yè)發(fā)展造成極大壓力,微觀(guān)角度上的景區(qū)周邊環(huán)境空間演變和利用研究為解決這一矛盾和促進(jìn)旅游業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)提供了關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域和新途徑。山西對(duì)資源型景區(qū)公益化趨勢(shì)和品質(zhì)提升反應(yīng)敏感,大院民居型景區(qū)代表著山西旅游資源特色和旅游業(yè)發(fā)展水平。因此,研究山西大院民居型景區(qū)周邊環(huán)境變化和利用問(wèn)題,這一主要在旅游影響下發(fā)生演化的景區(qū)類(lèi)型,對(duì)于研究資源型景區(qū)公益化背景下旅游業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)、空間布局和空間利用有著代表性和示范意義。本文基于地理學(xué)的空間結(jié)構(gòu)理論,以皇城相府景區(qū)為實(shí)證案例,采用遙感影像解譯、實(shí)地調(diào)查、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)景區(qū)不同年份的旅游各項(xiàng)收入等指標(biāo)及景區(qū)周邊環(huán)境不同變化節(jié)點(diǎn)的土地利用類(lèi)型進(jìn)行了分析和研究。研究表明:(1)皇城相府景區(qū)當(dāng)前處于發(fā)展階段。景區(qū)旅游市場(chǎng)不斷拓展,從周邊省份到遠(yuǎn)距離的江蘇、上海、北京等市場(chǎng);廣告效應(yīng)增強(qiáng),積極探索與新媒體的區(qū)域合作,吸引投資;景區(qū)接待能力逐漸強(qiáng)化,各類(lèi)旅游設(shè)施建設(shè)也趨于完善。(2)景區(qū)周邊環(huán)境收入在景區(qū)總收入中占有很大比重,是景區(qū)旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵性影響因素。景區(qū)周邊環(huán)境的優(yōu)劣直接影響景區(qū)的持續(xù)發(fā)展,景區(qū)周邊環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)度好的景區(qū),周邊環(huán)境收入自然高,旅游總收入相應(yīng)也會(huì)增長(zhǎng),反之亦然。(3)皇城相府門(mén)票收入在總收入中所占比重平均達(dá)到27.71%,近五年中也有年份超過(guò)30%,如2012年達(dá)到33.20%,2015年達(dá)到31.18%。門(mén)票收入比重增加,周邊環(huán)境所占比重勢(shì)必會(huì)降低,這從側(cè)面反映了周邊環(huán)境收入并未以同門(mén)票收入增長(zhǎng)相等的比率實(shí)現(xiàn)增長(zhǎng),說(shuō)明景區(qū)當(dāng)前的發(fā)展仍然沒(méi)有打破門(mén)票經(jīng)濟(jì)的依賴(lài)。(4)縱觀(guān)近幾年的游客量,皇城相府景區(qū)游客數(shù)量增加不明顯,游客增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)已變緩。在當(dāng)前“全民旅游熱”發(fā)展的情形下,各地旅游新意層出不窮,而小型節(jié)事的吸引力局限于小尺度的客源市場(chǎng),僅僅依靠景區(qū)原有的旅游形象和一些小型節(jié)事活動(dòng)的舉辦根本無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)旅游人數(shù)真正意義上的增長(zhǎng)。(5)在土地變化幅度上,皇城村1999-2015年建設(shè)用地變化最為明顯,年動(dòng)態(tài)度達(dá)到11.41%,林地、耕地皆有所減少,年動(dòng)態(tài)度分別為1.80%、3.60%。當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大,亟需旅游基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施的配套發(fā)展,從而刺激了各類(lèi)旅游用地的需求,進(jìn)一步促使建設(shè)用地規(guī)模擴(kuò)張。(6)皇城相府景區(qū)周邊環(huán)境的演變受到地形、水文、政府政策、旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)因素的綜合影響。主要表現(xiàn)為沿著河流東西兩側(cè)發(fā)展,并向村落西側(cè)平坦地區(qū)擴(kuò)展。(7)景區(qū)周邊環(huán)境圍繞重點(diǎn)旅游資源向外圍擴(kuò)散,不同的旅游景點(diǎn)通過(guò)交通干線(xiàn)連接,促使建設(shè)用地呈現(xiàn)“飛地式”擴(kuò)展形態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The large-scale tourist flow and the tourists' demand for the commonweal and high quality of resource-based scenic spots have put great pressure on the development of the tourism industry. The study on the spatial evolution and utilization of the surrounding environment of scenic spots from a micro perspective provides a key area and a new way to solve this contradiction and promote the transformation and upgrading of tourism. Shanxi is sensitive to the trend of public welfare and the promotion of quality of resource-based scenic spots. The residential scenic spots of large courtyard represent the characteristics of tourism resources and the level of tourism development in Shanxi. Therefore, this paper studies the changes and utilization of the surrounding environment in the residential scenic area of Shanxi Grand Courtyard, which is the type of scenic spot that mainly evolves under the influence of tourism, and studies the transformation and upgrading of tourism in the context of the commonweal tourism of resource-based scenic spots. Spatial layout and spatial utilization have representative and demonstration significance. Based on the spatial structure theory of geography, this paper takes the scenic spots of the imperial city as an empirical case, and adopts the methods of remote sensing image interpretation, field investigation and statistical analysis. This paper analyzes and studies the indexes of tourism income in different years and the land use types of different changing nodes in the surrounding environment of scenic spots. The research shows that: (1) the scenic spot of the Imperial Palace is currently in the developing stage. The tourism market of scenic spots has been expanding from the neighboring provinces to the distant markets of Jiangsu, Shanghai, Beijing, etc. The advertising effect has been enhanced, regional cooperation with new media has been actively explored, and investment has been attracted. The reception capacity of the scenic area is gradually strengthened, and the construction of various tourist facilities tends to be improved. (2) the income of the surrounding environment occupies a large proportion of the total revenue of the scenic area, which is the key factor influencing the development of the scenic area tourism economy. The advantages and disadvantages of the surrounding environment of the scenic spots directly affect the sustainable development of the scenic spots. The scenic spots with good environmental coordination around the scenic spots will naturally have high ambient income, and the total tourism revenue will correspondingly increase. And vice versa. (3) the average proportion of ticket income in the total revenue reached 27.71%, and there were more than 30 years in the past five years, such as 33.20% in 2012 and 31.18% in 2015. With the increase in the proportion of ticket revenue, the proportion of the surrounding environment is bound to decrease. This reflects from the side that the surrounding environmental income has not increased at a rate equal to the increase in ticket income. It shows that the current development of scenic spots still does not break the dependence of ticket economy. (4) throughout the recent years, the number of tourists in the Imperial Palace scenic spots has not increased significantly, and the growth trend of tourists has slowed down. With the development of the "popular tourism fever", new tourism ideas are emerging in various places, and the attraction of small festivals is limited to small scale tourist markets. Only relying on the original tourism image of the scenic area and the holding of some small festival events can not realize the real increase in the number of tourists. (5) in terms of the extent of land change, the change of construction land in Huangcheng Village from 1999 to 2015 is the most obvious. The annual dynamic degree reached 11.41, the woodland and cultivated land decreased, and the annual dynamic degree was 1.80 and 3.60, respectively. With the expansion of the local tourism industry, there is an urgent need for the development of tourism infrastructure and tourist service facilities, thus stimulating the demand for all kinds of tourist land. (6) the evolution of the surrounding environment in the scenic area of the Imperial City is affected by the factors of topography, hydrology, government policy and tourism economy. The main performance is to develop along the east and west sides of the river, and expand to the flat area of the western side of the village. (7) the surrounding environment of the scenic area diffuses around the key tourist resources, and different tourist attractions are connected through the main traffic lines. Promote the construction land to present the "enclave" expansion form.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F301.24;F592.7

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