發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-15 04:03

  本文選題：生態(tài)旅游者　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)境友好行為　出處：《海南師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展，旅游活動(dòng)中的不良行為對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的負(fù)面影響日漸顯著，人們逐漸意識(shí)到旅游活動(dòng)會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生沖擊，并認(rèn)識(shí)到如果不及時(shí)加以妥善的調(diào)控和管理，這些沖擊將會(huì)帶來(lái)不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的后果。生態(tài)旅游是一種可持續(xù)的旅游。近三十年來(lái)，其規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大，給許多國(guó)家和地區(qū)帶來(lái)了豐厚的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。生態(tài)旅游的發(fā)展及其目標(biāo)與使命的實(shí)現(xiàn)，在很大程度上取決于生態(tài)旅游活動(dòng)的主體即生態(tài)旅游者，與旅游者的旅游行為有著密不可分的關(guān)系。因此，識(shí)別生態(tài)旅游者并透徹地了解其行為特征，將有利于更深入地了解生態(tài)旅游市場(chǎng)，有助于生態(tài)旅游市場(chǎng)的培育，進(jìn)而促進(jìn)旅游業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。 本文基于在海南呀諾達(dá)熱帶雨林生態(tài)旅游區(qū)的調(diào)查，以旅游者為研究對(duì)象，在閱讀國(guó)內(nèi)外大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)定了生態(tài)旅游者的甄別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，，然后根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)辨識(shí)生態(tài)旅游者，并對(duì)生態(tài)旅游者與其他類(lèi)別旅游者的環(huán)境行為差異進(jìn)行分析，尋找并分析與不同類(lèi)型旅游者環(huán)境友好行為相關(guān)的主要變量（因素），剖析了旅游者環(huán)境行為與各環(huán)境心理學(xué)因子之間的相互關(guān)系，基于此，提出了旨在提高游客環(huán)境友好行為水平的管理措施和游客環(huán)境教育方法。研究結(jié)果如下： （1）在理論上，根據(jù)生態(tài)旅游的內(nèi)涵，提出了基于旅游者行為的生態(tài)旅游者甄別因子，即自然體驗(yàn)動(dòng)機(jī)、學(xué)習(xí)型動(dòng)機(jī)與環(huán)境態(tài)度。針對(duì)當(dāng)前生態(tài)旅游及生態(tài)旅游者概念泛化這一問(wèn)題，提出的分類(lèi)指標(biāo)以被學(xué)術(shù)界廣泛認(rèn)同的生態(tài)旅游的核心標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為理論依據(jù)。實(shí)證研究表明，基于“旅游動(dòng)機(jī)+環(huán)境態(tài)度”指標(biāo)的旅游者聚類(lèi)是識(shí)別生態(tài)旅游者的有效方法。 （2）并非所有前往生態(tài)旅游區(qū)的游客都是真正的生態(tài)旅游者，真正的生態(tài)旅游者只是少部分人。僅17.4%的訪問(wèn)者為生態(tài)旅游者，另有43.7%的訪問(wèn)者為偶然型生態(tài)旅游者，大眾旅游者占38.9%。 （3）生態(tài)旅游者主要是年輕人，學(xué)歷較高，收入中等，女性略多于男性。 （4）與大眾旅游者相比，生態(tài)旅游者對(duì)保護(hù)景區(qū)及維護(hù)景區(qū)自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)措施的支持度更高；對(duì)環(huán)境友好行為的實(shí)施意向水平更高；向景區(qū)支付額外費(fèi)用以保護(hù)環(huán)境的意愿更強(qiáng)。 （5）不同類(lèi)型旅游者的環(huán)境友好行為意向水平的相關(guān)因素不同：生態(tài)旅游者的環(huán)境友好行為意向與反應(yīng)效能感、環(huán)境行動(dòng)知識(shí)水平、后果意識(shí)呈顯著的正相關(guān)關(guān)系，意即，生態(tài)旅游者的反應(yīng)效能感越強(qiáng)、環(huán)境知識(shí)水平越高、后果意識(shí)越強(qiáng)，則其環(huán)境友好行為意向水平也越高；大眾旅游者的環(huán)境友好行為意向水平與環(huán)境敏感度、反應(yīng)效能感、后果意識(shí)、主觀規(guī)范、環(huán)境行動(dòng)知識(shí)顯著正相關(guān)；偶然型生態(tài)旅游者的環(huán)境友好行為意向與反應(yīng)效能感及環(huán)境敏感度相關(guān)。這說(shuō)明，反應(yīng)效能感是與所有旅游者的環(huán)境友好行為意向均相關(guān)的因子，增強(qiáng)反應(yīng)效能感，強(qiáng)調(diào)“‘你可以’、‘你能’為環(huán)境保護(hù)做出貢獻(xiàn)”是有效的途徑。不同類(lèi)別旅游者的環(huán)境友好行為意向影響因素各不相同，應(yīng)采用不同的環(huán)境教育方法和管理措施。 （6）基于上述研究結(jié)果，為制定促進(jìn)各類(lèi)旅游者實(shí)施環(huán)境友好行為的適宜管理措施、科學(xué)合理的環(huán)境教育體系提供一些對(duì)策與建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of the tourism industry, the negative impact of tourism activities in the bad behavior on the ecological environment has become increasingly prominent, people gradually realize that tourism activities will have an impact on the environment, and recognizing that if not promptly be regulated and managed properly, these shocks will bring irreversible consequences. Ecotourism is a sustainable tourism. In the past thirty years, its scale is continually expanding, has brought huge economic benefits to many countries and regions. The development of eco tourism and its goals and mission, the main body depends largely on the eco tourism eco-tourism, tourism and tourist behavior has a close relationship. Therefore identification, eco tourists and understand its behavior characteristics thoroughly, will be conducive to a deeper understanding of the ecological tourism market, cultivating the help of the ecological tourism market and promote tourism health The development of Kang.
Based on the investigation in Hainan, tropical rainforest eco-tourism area, with tourism as the research object, based on reading a lot of literature at home and abroad, set up the ecological tourist screening criteria, then according to the identification standard of ecological tourism, analyzes the difference and environmental behavior of ecotourism and other categories of tourists, find and analyze the main variables associated with different types of tourists' environmental friendly behavior (factors), analysis of the relationship between environmental factors, psychological behavior of tourists and the environment on the basis of this, put forward to improve the level of environmental friendly behavior of tourists and tourist management measures of environmental education methods. The results were as follows:
(1) in theory, according to the connotation of ecological tourism, the tourist behavior of eco tourist screening factor based on natural experience motivation, learning motivation and environmental attitudes. In view of the current ecological tourism and ecological tourism concept generalization of this problem, the core standard of ecotourism classification index proposed to be widely accepted the academic circles as the theoretical basis. The empirical research shows that, based on the "tourism motivation and environmental attitudes of tourists cluster index is an effective method for identification of eco tourists.
(2) not all tourists who go to the ecotourism area are real ecotourism tourists. The real ecotourism is only a few people. Only 17.4% of the visitors are ecotourism, and 43.7% of them are ecotourism tourists. The mass tourists account for 38.9%..
(3) ecotourist is mainly young, with higher education, middle income, and slightly more women than men.
(4) compared with mass tourists, ecotourism has higher support for protecting scenic spots and maintaining natural ecosystems, and has a higher level of intention towards environmentally friendly behaviors, and has more willingness to pay extra fees to protect the environment.
(5) related factors and levels of environmental friendly behavior intention of different types of tourists is different: environment friendly behavior intention and reaction efficiency of ecological tourists, environmental knowledge, positive correlation, significant awareness of the consequences that the reaction effect of eco tourists can sense is stronger, the higher the level of environmental knowledge. Awareness of the consequences is stronger, the environment friendly behavior intention in higher levels; environment friendly behavior level and the environment of mass tourists' sensitivity, response efficacy, awareness of the consequences, subjective norms, positively related to environmental knowledge; accidental eco tourists environmental friendly behavior intention and self-efficacy and environment sensitive the degree of correlation. This shows that self-efficacy factor intention of environment friendly behavior is and all the tourists are related to the enhanced self-efficacy, stressed that "" you can "," you can "for environmental protection It is an effective way to make contributions to the community. The environmental friendly behavior intentions of different categories of tourists are different. Different environmental education methods and management measures should be adopted.
(6) based on the above findings, we will provide some countermeasures and suggestions for developing appropriate management measures to promote environmental friendly behavior of all kinds of tourists, and scientific and reasonable environmental education system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F592;X24

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