本文選題：植物染料 + 光老化　； 參考：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：絲綢文物是中華民族的重要文化遺產(chǎn),是研究古代文化的重要實物資料。但因其質(zhì)地脆弱在展覽過程中易于發(fā)生光老化現(xiàn)象。絲綢文物的光老化首先體現(xiàn)為表面染料的褪色,因此亟需采取措施來避免其褪色的發(fā)生。為保護這些寶貴的絲綢文物,本研究設(shè)計了一系列光老化實驗來研究各色染料耐光性能,選取了古代比較有代表性的七種染料—黃檗、槐米、梔子、紫草、青黛、蘇木、茜草,對真絲電力紡進行染色,然后研究這些染色絲綢的光老化性能,分為紫外加速老化和常規(guī)模擬老化兩方面,并用高效液相色譜法對染料光老化的內(nèi)在規(guī)律和機理進行了深入的分析。 七種染料的紫外加速光老化與鹵素?zé)�、LED燈的常規(guī)模擬老化褪色規(guī)律基本一致,說明利用紫外加速光老化來模擬研究博物館光照環(huán)境下的染料老化是可行的,確定了紫外加速光老化與鹵素?zé)艄饫匣膶?yīng)關(guān)系。紫外加速老化對各染料的褪色規(guī)律進行了全面分析,得到了從起始光老化到褪色終點的完整曲線,并研究了紫外間斷老化與連續(xù)老化的區(qū)別。常規(guī)模擬老化主要對比了LED燈與鹵素?zé)魧θ玖瞎饫匣牟町?分析了熒光燈對絲綢的照明效果。LED燈的能量主要集中在450nm波段和550~600nm波段,對于吸收上述波段能量的染料破壞非常嚴重,不適用于絲綢展品的照明;熒光燈在450nm波段的藍光處及550~650nm波段附近也有集中的能量分布,所以熒光燈也不適合用于絲綢文物展品的照明;鹵素?zé)羰欠浅＿m合用于色彩豐富的絲綢展品的照明,但其紅外部分含量過高,提出采用冷光鏡或紅外反射膜降低光源的紅外輻射,從而使其更適合于脆弱絲綢展品的照明。通過鹵素?zé)裟M光老化實驗,得到了各染料的誘導(dǎo)期顏色突變點,并計算得到了該點處的曝光總量。絲綢文物的展覽控制在其突變點曝光總量之內(nèi),即可有效避免顏色的變化。不同染料的在突變點處的曝光總量也是各不相同的,黃檗:30000 lx·h;紫草:60000 lx·h;梔子:100000 lx·h;蘇木:200000 lx·h;青黛:300000 lx·h;茜草:300000 lx·h。 用高效液相色譜法鑒定了各種染料主要色素成分,得到了其色素成分隨時間的變化曲線,圖譜分析表明色譜峰的變化與色差變化一致非常好。在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了一種利用高效液相色譜法對絲綢文物上染料的光老化程度做精確的定量分析手段:利用色譜峰面積的變化定量分析不同染料的光老化程度,尤其是當(dāng)絲織品文物糟朽或表面不平整時,無法測其色差時,可通過液相色譜來進行定量的測試,取樣量少且靈敏度高;提出了靛藍染料光老化的反應(yīng)機理:靛藍在氧自由基的攻擊下,生成過氧化物中間體,過氧化物中間體不穩(wěn)定,迅速裂解生成靛紅;利用該機理可對靛藍染色織物的保護提供更多的理論支持。
[Abstract]:Silk cultural relic is an important cultural heritage of the Chinese nation and an important material for studying ancient culture. However, because of its weak texture in the exhibition process prone to light aging phenomenon. The first manifestation of light aging of silk relics is the fading of surface dyes, so it is urgent to take measures to avoid the fading of silk relics. In order to protect these precious silk relics, a series of photoaging experiments were designed to study the light resistance of various dyes. Seven kinds of dyestuffs, yellow berberine, Sophora japonica, Gardenia jasminoides, purple herb, green dai, sapphire, alizarin, were selected from ancient times. The dyed silk electric spinning was dyed, and then the photoaging properties of the dyed silk were studied, which were divided into two aspects: ultraviolet accelerated aging and conventional simulated aging. The inherent law and mechanism of dye photoaging were analyzed by HPLC. UV accelerated photoaging of seven dyes is basically consistent with that of conventional simulated aging fading of halogen lamps and LED lamps. It is feasible to simulate and study the aging of dyes under museum illumination by using UV accelerated photoaging. The relationship between UV accelerated photoaging and halogen lamp photoaging was determined. The decoloration law of each dye was comprehensively analyzed by accelerated ultraviolet aging, and the complete curve from initial light aging to fading end point was obtained, and the difference between ultraviolet intermittent aging and continuous aging was studied. The difference between LED lamp and halogen lamp in dye light aging was compared, and the lighting effect of fluorescent lamp on silk was analyzed. The energy of fluorescent lamp was mainly concentrated in 450nm band and 550~600nm band. For the dyes absorbing the energy of the above band, the damage is very serious and it is not suitable for the lighting of silk exhibits. Fluorescent lamps also have concentrated energy distribution in the blue region of the 450nm band and in the vicinity of the 550~650nm band. Therefore, fluorescent lamps are not suitable for lighting silk relics exhibits; halogen lamps are very suitable for lighting colorful silk exhibits, but their infrared content is too high. A cold mirror or infrared reflection film is proposed to reduce the infrared radiation of the light source, which makes it more suitable for the illumination of fragile silk exhibits. By simulating the photoaging experiment of halogen lamp, the color mutation point of each dye during induction period was obtained, and the total exposure amount of the spot was calculated. Silk relics exhibit within the total exposure of its mutation point, you can effectively avoid color change. The total exposure of different dyes at the mutation point is different, Huang: 30000lx h; Laver: 60000lx h; Gardenia jasminoides: 100000 LX h; Sappa chinensis: 200000lx hh; Chingdai: 300000lx h.; Rubidium cordifolia: 300000lx h. The main pigment components of various dyes were identified by HPLC, and the curve of the changes of pigment components with time was obtained. The chromatogram analysis showed that the change of chromatographic peak was in good agreement with the change of color difference. On this basis, an accurate quantitative analysis method for the degree of photoaging of dyes on silk cultural relics was established by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC): the variation of chromatographic peak area was used to quantitatively analyze the photoaging degree of different dyes. Especially when the silkcloth is rotten or the surface is not smooth, the color difference can be measured quantitatively by liquid chromatography, and the sampling amount is small and the sensitivity is high. The reaction mechanism of photoaging of indigo dyes was put forward. Under the attack of oxygen free radicals, indigo produced peroxide intermediates, which were unstable and rapidly cracked to produce indigo red. This mechanism can provide more theoretical support for the protection of indigo dyed fabrics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TS193.1

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