發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-22 07:26

  本文選題：幼兒教育 + 繪畫(huà)教學(xué)��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在幼兒園美術(shù)教學(xué)實(shí)踐中,繪畫(huà)活動(dòng)中是否使用范畫(huà),如何使用范畫(huà)一直是頗有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題。一方面,理論上范畫(huà)會(huì)限制孩子的思維,造成“千畫(huà)一面”,仔細(xì)觀(guān)察幼兒園里和各種展覽上的作品,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)模式化傾向非常嚴(yán)重,幾乎都可以看到教師教給幼兒的關(guān)于某種事物的特定畫(huà)法。這種做法會(huì)限制幼兒自身的想象力和造成脫離了范畫(huà)就不會(huì)畫(huà)了的情況。另一方面,實(shí)踐中范畫(huà)很好用,省心省力,效果還好。教師只要將畫(huà)某種事物的主要步驟分解給幼兒看,幼兒就會(huì)依樣畫(huà)葫蘆。在此基礎(chǔ)上稍作加工,就會(huì)有成人喜歡的效果。2012年教育部頒布了《3-6歲兒童學(xué)習(xí)與發(fā)展指南》,其在藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域的教育建議中提出:“幼兒繪畫(huà)時(shí),不宜提供范畫(huà),特別不應(yīng)要求幼兒完全按照范畫(huà)來(lái)畫(huà)�！蹦敲唇處熃虒W(xué)時(shí)要不要提供范畫(huà)呢?怎樣提供范畫(huà)?基于這種困惑,以及《指南》背景下美術(shù)活動(dòng)的變革,以“幼兒繪畫(huà)教學(xué)活動(dòng)中范畫(huà)使用探討”為題進(jìn)行研究,希望解答教學(xué)實(shí)踐中關(guān)于范畫(huà)使用的困惑,為幼兒繪畫(huà)教學(xué)活動(dòng)的改進(jìn)提供參考。本研究首先分析了范畫(huà)使用的價(jià)值和意義,然后對(duì)繪畫(huà)教學(xué)中范畫(huà)使用的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行調(diào)查,指出其中存在的問(wèn)題,并分析問(wèn)題背后的原因,接著對(duì)合理使用范畫(huà)的原則初步厘定,嘗試無(wú)示范背景下幼兒繪畫(huà)教學(xué)活動(dòng),以期為幼兒繪畫(huà)教學(xué)中范畫(huà)的合理使用提供有益的借鑒。本文共分四個(gè)部分:第一部分為導(dǎo)論,主要概述范畫(huà)使用問(wèn)題探討的研究背景,闡明本研究的目的與意義,并對(duì)相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行整理與綜述,界定范畫(huà)使用的概念、特點(diǎn)及其理論依據(jù),最后介紹本研究的思路與方法。第二部分對(duì)范畫(huà)使用的歷史淵源和價(jià)值進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。首先概述我國(guó)幼兒園范畫(huà)使用的歷史淵源,并闡明范畫(huà)使用的價(jià)值。第三部分是范畫(huà)使用現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查及問(wèn)題分析,以自然觀(guān)察的方式收集不同年齡段幼兒美術(shù)課堂的資料,同時(shí)通過(guò)訪(fǎng)談的形式收集多名美術(shù)老師對(duì)范畫(huà)使用的看法,從而找出目前繪畫(huà)教學(xué)中范畫(huà)使用存在的問(wèn)題,并對(duì)這些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了深入剖析。這些問(wèn)題集中表現(xiàn)為范畫(huà)使用的目的狹隘,范畫(huà)的頻率過(guò)高、強(qiáng)度過(guò)大,范畫(huà)實(shí)施的主體單一,教師范畫(huà)教學(xué)時(shí)的語(yǔ)言和態(tài)度需要改進(jìn)。隨后,對(duì)造成這些問(wèn)題的原因進(jìn)行分析。第四部分對(duì)如何合理使用范畫(huà)開(kāi)展繪畫(huà)教學(xué)進(jìn)行探討。闡明合理使用范畫(huà)的原則和方法,同時(shí)對(duì)無(wú)示范背景下的繪畫(huà)教學(xué)實(shí)踐策略進(jìn)行了初步探討,呈現(xiàn)了相關(guān)教學(xué)案例以及實(shí)踐過(guò)程中應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:In kindergarten art teaching practice, whether to use the model painting in the painting activity and how to use the model painting has always been a controversial issue. On the one hand, on the one hand, in theory, the model painting will restrict the child's thinking, resulting in a "thousand paintings". A careful examination of the works in the kindergarten and various exhibitions will show a very serious tendency to be stylized. Almost all can see the teacher teach a child about a certain thing specific drawing method. This will limit the child's own imagination and create a situation without painting. On the other hand, the practice model painting is very good, save mind and effort, the effect is good. As long as the teacher divides the main steps of drawing something to the child, the child will draw the gourd. In 2012, the Ministry of Education issued a Guide for Learning and Development of Children aged 3-6 years, which states in its educational recommendations in the field of art: "when young children draw, it is not appropriate to provide a model painting." In particular, children should not be required to draw in full accordance with the model painting. " Then should the teacher provide the model painting when teaching? How can I provide a model painting? Based on this confusion and the change of art activities under the background of "Guide", this paper studies on the topic of "probing into the use of Fan painting in the Teaching activities of Young Children's painting", hoping to solve the puzzles about the use of Fan painting in teaching practice. To provide a reference for the improvement of children's painting teaching activities. This study first analyzes the value and significance of the use of Fan painting, then investigates the current situation of the use of Fan painting in painting teaching, points out the existing problems, and analyzes the reasons behind the problems. This paper attempts to provide useful reference for the rational use of normal painting in the teaching of children's painting in the light of the teaching activities of young children's painting without demonstration. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction, mainly summarizes the research background of the use of Fan painting, clarifies the purpose and significance of this study, and summarizes the relevant literature, defines the concept of the use of Fan painting. Features and theoretical basis, and finally introduces the ideas and methods of this study. The second part explains the historical origin and value of the use of Fan painting. First of all, it summarizes the historical origin of the use of the kindergarten model painting, and clarifies the value of the use of the model painting. The third part is the investigation and problem analysis of the current situation of the use of Fan painting, collecting the materials of children of different ages in art classroom by natural observation, and collecting the views of many art teachers on the use of Fan painting through the form of interviews. In order to find out the existing problems in painting teaching, and deeply analyze these problems. These problems focus on the narrow purpose of the use of fan painting, the high frequency and intensity of the model painting, the single subject of the practice of the model painting, and the language and attitude of the teachers in the teaching of the model painting need to be improved. Then, the causes of these problems are analyzed. The fourth part discusses how to use normal painting reasonably to develop painting teaching. This paper expounds the principles and methods of rational use of normal painting, and at the same time makes a preliminary discussion on the practical strategies of painting teaching under the background of no demonstration, and presents some relevant teaching cases and problems to be paid attention to in the course of practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G613.6

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本文編號(hào)：1786209