本文選題：旋轉(zhuǎn)體文物 + 三維點(diǎn)云模型�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 博物館是收集、保護(hù)和展示各種重要文物的場所,但展覽空間有限,在實(shí)現(xiàn)資源共享、傳播古老中國文化方面存在諸多限制。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展,用數(shù)字化手段建成基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)字化博物館系統(tǒng),可以較好地解決這些問題。而文物的三維重建技術(shù)則是數(shù)字化博物館建設(shè)中最關(guān)鍵的技術(shù)之一。 旋轉(zhuǎn)體是文物中比較常見的一類。在出土的大量文物中,許多陶器、瓷器、鐵器、銅器等都是旋轉(zhuǎn)體,旋轉(zhuǎn)體的三維重建技術(shù)在文物保護(hù)、展示等方面具有重大意義。因此,研究如何從現(xiàn)實(shí)世界直接和快速地重建旋轉(zhuǎn)體的三維模型,逐漸成為計(jì)算機(jī)圖形學(xué)和計(jì)算機(jī)視覺領(lǐng)域的研究者努力的目標(biāo)。 根據(jù)使用設(shè)備的不同,旋轉(zhuǎn)體的三維重建主要可以分為兩類方法：基于三維掃描的方法和基于二維圖像的方法。前者能夠精確獲取旋轉(zhuǎn)體的三維點(diǎn)云模型,但具有代價(jià)昂貴、使用方法具有侵略性、適用范圍受限、數(shù)據(jù)采集不完善等缺點(diǎn),并不適用于旋轉(zhuǎn)體文物。后者則以使用攝像設(shè)備的方法為主,具備成本低、設(shè)備靈活、彩色紋理獲取簡單等特點(diǎn)�；诙S圖像的方法也主要有兩類：一類是由二維圖像重建出三維點(diǎn)云模型,再進(jìn)行表面重建,不但適用于旋轉(zhuǎn)體對象,也適用于其它現(xiàn)實(shí)物體,但獲取的點(diǎn)云模型通常存在噪聲多、數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)稀疏不完整等問題。另一類充分利用了旋轉(zhuǎn)體特有的幾何結(jié)構(gòu),通過二維圖像直接估計(jì)旋轉(zhuǎn)體的旋轉(zhuǎn)軸和母曲線,是旋轉(zhuǎn)體三維重建研究的主流方法,但通常難以獲取完整的紋理信息。 本文在前人工作的基礎(chǔ)上,研究設(shè)計(jì)基于多幅圖像的旋轉(zhuǎn)體文物重建系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)使用價(jià)格較低的照相機(jī)設(shè)備取代三維掃描儀來獲取三維點(diǎn)云模型,既可以解決三維掃描儀設(shè)備價(jià)格昂貴的問題,還能獲取到完整的紋理信息。同時(shí)充分利用旋轉(zhuǎn)體固有的幾何特性,通過計(jì)算旋轉(zhuǎn)軸和母曲線重建三維表面模型,比通用的重建方法更有針對性,能有效處理點(diǎn)云模型獲取過程中遺留下來的噪聲多、數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)稀疏不完整等問題。 本文的主要工作包括以下幾個(gè)方面： 1)利用旋轉(zhuǎn)體結(jié)構(gòu)上特有的幾何特性,研究并實(shí)現(xiàn)基于圖像的旋轉(zhuǎn)體文物重建系統(tǒng),并對系統(tǒng)中采用的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,分析實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果 2)采用SDM方法擬合母曲線。為了降低點(diǎn)云稀疏和噪聲點(diǎn)多等問題對算法的影響,在進(jìn)行曲線擬合之前,引入移動最小二乘法進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,改善重建結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Museums are places for collecting, protecting and displaying all kinds of important cultural relics, but the exhibition space is limited, and there are many limitations in the realization of resource sharing and the dissemination of ancient Chinese culture.With the development of computer and network, digital museum system based on network can solve these problems.The three-dimensional reconstruction of cultural relics is one of the key technologies in the construction of digital museum.Rotating objects are a common kind of cultural relics.Among a large number of cultural relics unearthed, many pottery, porcelain, iron and copper objects are rotating objects. The three-dimensional reconstruction technology of rotating objects is of great significance in the protection and display of cultural relics.Therefore, the research on how to reconstruct the 3D model of rotator directly and quickly from the real world has gradually become the goal of researchers in the field of computer graphics and computer vision.According to the different equipments used, the 3D reconstruction of rotating objects can be divided into two types: the method based on 3D scanning and the method based on 2D image.The former can accurately obtain the 3D point cloud model of the rotating body, but it is expensive, the method is aggressive, the scope of application is limited, and the data collection is not perfect, so it is not suitable for the cultural relics of rotating body.The latter has the advantages of low cost, flexible equipment and simple color texture acquisition.There are also two kinds of methods based on 2D image: one is to reconstruct 3D point cloud model from 2D image, and then to reconstruct the surface, which is not only suitable for rotating object, but also applicable to other real objects.However, the obtained point cloud model usually has many problems, such as noise, sparse data points, etc.The other is the main method of 3D reconstruction, which makes full use of the special geometric structure of rotator and estimates the rotation axis and generating curve directly by two-dimensional image. However, it is difficult to obtain the complete texture information.Based on the previous work, this paper studies and designs a rotatory object reconstruction system based on multiple images.In this system, the low cost camera equipment is used to replace the 3D scanner to obtain the 3D point cloud model, which can not only solve the problem of expensive 3D scanner equipment, but also obtain the complete texture information.At the same time, making full use of the inherent geometric characteristics of the rotating body, the 3D surface model can be reconstructed by calculating the rotation axis and the parent curve, which is more targeted than the general reconstruction method, and can effectively deal with the noise left over in the acquisition process of the point cloud model.Data points sparse incomplete and other problems.The main work of this paper includes the following aspects:1) based on the unique geometric characteristics of the rotator structure, the image based cultural relic reconstruction system is studied and implemented. The key technologies used in the system are studied, and the experimental results are analyzed.2) SDM method was used to fit the parent curve.In order to reduce the influence of point cloud sparsity and noise points on the algorithm, the moving least square method is introduced to preprocess the algorithm before curve fitting to improve the reconstruction results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：TP311.52

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 李雅倩;林洪彬;;回轉(zhuǎn)體形貌測量中的相機(jī)自標(biāo)定[J];光學(xué)精密工程;2011年08期

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本文編號：1751373