本文選題：旋轉體文物 + 三維點云模型　； 參考：《山東大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 博物館是收集、保護和展示各種重要文物的場所,但展覽空間有限,在實現(xiàn)資源共享、傳播古老中國文化方面存在諸多限制。隨著計算機和網(wǎng)絡的發(fā)展,用數(shù)字化手段建成基于網(wǎng)絡的數(shù)字化博物館系統(tǒng),可以較好地解決這些問題。而文物的三維重建技術則是數(shù)字化博物館建設中最關鍵的技術之一。 旋轉體是文物中比較常見的一類。在出土的大量文物中,許多陶器、瓷器、鐵器、銅器等都是旋轉體,旋轉體的三維重建技術在文物保護、展示等方面具有重大意義。因此,研究如何從現(xiàn)實世界直接和快速地重建旋轉體的三維模型,逐漸成為計算機圖形學和計算機視覺領域的研究者努力的目標。 根據(jù)使用設備的不同,旋轉體的三維重建主要可以分為兩類方法：基于三維掃描的方法和基于二維圖像的方法。前者能夠精確獲取旋轉體的三維點云模型,但具有代價昂貴、使用方法具有侵略性、適用范圍受限、數(shù)據(jù)采集不完善等缺點,并不適用于旋轉體文物。后者則以使用攝像設備的方法為主,具備成本低、設備靈活、彩色紋理獲取簡單等特點�；诙S圖像的方法也主要有兩類：一類是由二維圖像重建出三維點云模型,再進行表面重建,不但適用于旋轉體對象,也適用于其它現(xiàn)實物體,但獲取的點云模型通常存在噪聲多、數(shù)據(jù)點稀疏不完整等問題。另一類充分利用了旋轉體特有的幾何結構,通過二維圖像直接估計旋轉體的旋轉軸和母曲線,是旋轉體三維重建研究的主流方法,但通常難以獲取完整的紋理信息。 本文在前人工作的基礎上,研究設計基于多幅圖像的旋轉體文物重建系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)使用價格較低的照相機設備取代三維掃描儀來獲取三維點云模型,既可以解決三維掃描儀設備價格昂貴的問題,還能獲取到完整的紋理信息。同時充分利用旋轉體固有的幾何特性,通過計算旋轉軸和母曲線重建三維表面模型,比通用的重建方法更有針對性,能有效處理點云模型獲取過程中遺留下來的噪聲多、數(shù)據(jù)點稀疏不完整等問題。 本文的主要工作包括以下幾個方面： 1)利用旋轉體結構上特有的幾何特性,研究并實現(xiàn)基于圖像的旋轉體文物重建系統(tǒng),并對系統(tǒng)中采用的關鍵技術進行研究,分析實驗結果 2)采用SDM方法擬合母曲線。為了降低點云稀疏和噪聲點多等問題對算法的影響,在進行曲線擬合之前,引入移動最小二乘法進行預處理,改善重建結果。
[Abstract]:Museums are places for collecting, protecting and displaying all kinds of important cultural relics, but the exhibition space is limited, and there are many limitations in the realization of resource sharing and the dissemination of ancient Chinese culture.With the development of computer and network, digital museum system based on network can solve these problems.The three-dimensional reconstruction of cultural relics is one of the key technologies in the construction of digital museum.Rotating objects are a common kind of cultural relics.Among a large number of cultural relics unearthed, many pottery, porcelain, iron and copper objects are rotating objects. The three-dimensional reconstruction technology of rotating objects is of great significance in the protection and display of cultural relics.Therefore, the research on how to reconstruct the 3D model of rotator directly and quickly from the real world has gradually become the goal of researchers in the field of computer graphics and computer vision.According to the different equipments used, the 3D reconstruction of rotating objects can be divided into two types: the method based on 3D scanning and the method based on 2D image.The former can accurately obtain the 3D point cloud model of the rotating body, but it is expensive, the method is aggressive, the scope of application is limited, and the data collection is not perfect, so it is not suitable for the cultural relics of rotating body.The latter has the advantages of low cost, flexible equipment and simple color texture acquisition.There are also two kinds of methods based on 2D image: one is to reconstruct 3D point cloud model from 2D image, and then to reconstruct the surface, which is not only suitable for rotating object, but also applicable to other real objects.However, the obtained point cloud model usually has many problems, such as noise, sparse data points, etc.The other is the main method of 3D reconstruction, which makes full use of the special geometric structure of rotator and estimates the rotation axis and generating curve directly by two-dimensional image. However, it is difficult to obtain the complete texture information.Based on the previous work, this paper studies and designs a rotatory object reconstruction system based on multiple images.In this system, the low cost camera equipment is used to replace the 3D scanner to obtain the 3D point cloud model, which can not only solve the problem of expensive 3D scanner equipment, but also obtain the complete texture information.At the same time, making full use of the inherent geometric characteristics of the rotating body, the 3D surface model can be reconstructed by calculating the rotation axis and the parent curve, which is more targeted than the general reconstruction method, and can effectively deal with the noise left over in the acquisition process of the point cloud model.Data points sparse incomplete and other problems.The main work of this paper includes the following aspects:1) based on the unique geometric characteristics of the rotator structure, the image based cultural relic reconstruction system is studied and implemented. The key technologies used in the system are studied, and the experimental results are analyzed.2) SDM method was used to fit the parent curve.In order to reduce the influence of point cloud sparsity and noise points on the algorithm, the moving least square method is introduced to preprocess the algorithm before curve fitting to improve the reconstruction results.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：TP311.52

【引證文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 李雅倩;林洪彬;;回轉體形貌測量中的相機自標定[J];光學精密工程;2011年08期

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本文編號：1751373