強(qiáng)震作用下混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的整體損傷演化與倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-21 16:29
【摘要】：發(fā)展合理的整體損傷模型來評(píng)估結(jié)構(gòu)在地震作用下的損傷程度,以及在此前提下對(duì)強(qiáng)震作用下結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力的正確評(píng)估,對(duì)于完善現(xiàn)行抗震設(shè)計(jì)方法具有積極意義。合理應(yīng)用倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備系數(shù)(CMR),對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)的抗倒塌設(shè)計(jì),以及耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)、銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)等特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的加固均具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。本文以結(jié)構(gòu)的地震整體損傷和倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵問題為主線,針對(duì)目前整體損傷模型所存在的問題提出了考慮多階模態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)整體損傷模型；對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力評(píng)估中所涉及到的地震動(dòng)強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)的選擇、地震波等因素做了相應(yīng)的討論；圍繞著結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力,討論了其在結(jié)構(gòu)抗倒塌設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用,并對(duì)耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)及銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力及其應(yīng)用做了相關(guān)的研究。主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： (1)結(jié)合模態(tài)Pushover分析方法中的相關(guān)公式,以及FEMA273中剛度與周期之間的關(guān)系式,由Ghobarah損傷模型推導(dǎo)了能夠考慮高階模態(tài)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)整體損傷貢獻(xiàn)的多模態(tài)整體損傷模型。該模型為Ghobarah損傷模型和最終軟化指標(biāo)法之間建立起了聯(lián)系的橋梁,能夠同時(shí)考慮地震前后結(jié)構(gòu)振型和各階周期的變化對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)整體損傷的影響。分析表明,隨著結(jié)構(gòu)高度的增加,以及強(qiáng)震作用下結(jié)構(gòu)非線性程度的加劇,會(huì)有更多的高階模態(tài)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)的整體損傷產(chǎn)生影響,因而,在結(jié)構(gòu)損傷計(jì)算過程中,考慮高階模態(tài)對(duì)整體損傷的影響是十分必要的；通過與其他模型進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證了多模態(tài)損傷模型的合理性,該模型易于使用,其對(duì)于強(qiáng)震作用下結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷評(píng)估具有較好的適用性。 (2)提出了對(duì)不同周期段的結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)采用符合結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)的地震動(dòng)強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)來評(píng)估結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力；并且應(yīng)該根據(jù)地震動(dòng)年平均超越概率以及地震波譜形狀差異對(duì)CMR值進(jìn)行修正。分析表明,當(dāng)考慮基本周期延長時(shí),對(duì)于中短周期結(jié)構(gòu),地震動(dòng)強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)建議采用考慮周期軟化的譜加速度指標(biāo)Sa*代替基本周期譜加速度指標(biāo)Sa(T1)；對(duì)于中周期結(jié)構(gòu),Sa(T1)和Housner譜強(qiáng)度指標(biāo)肼均較為適用；對(duì)于長周期結(jié)構(gòu),采用SI會(huì)明顯優(yōu)于Sa(T1)；對(duì)重要的長周期結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)結(jié)合特定的場(chǎng)地譜來確定結(jié)構(gòu)的CMR值,否則很可能會(huì)高估了結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力。 (3)結(jié)合多模態(tài)整體損傷模型,建立了利用倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備的薄弱層抗倒塌設(shè)計(jì)方法。探討了結(jié)構(gòu)在強(qiáng)地震動(dòng)作用下倒塌狀態(tài)所對(duì)應(yīng)的最大層間位移角大小和出現(xiàn)位置的不確定性,以及不同峰值地面加速度水平下結(jié)構(gòu)薄弱層位置的演化規(guī)律。分析表明,對(duì)于嚴(yán)格按規(guī)范最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)的不同層數(shù)的結(jié)構(gòu),由于高階模態(tài)參與結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng),造成了結(jié)構(gòu)極限層間位移角的差異；通過對(duì)倒塌狀態(tài)下薄弱層的有效控制,可以提高結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備系數(shù)；此外,就本文算例而言,結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌狀態(tài)下的最大層間位移角與結(jié)構(gòu)倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備之間存在一定的正相關(guān)關(guān)系。 (4)針對(duì)耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn),提出了基于Pushover分析的倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備系數(shù)的確定方法。該方法通過耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)罕遇地震下的譜加速度值,并結(jié)合Pushover分析得到的倒塌地震動(dòng)強(qiáng)度來確定耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)的CMR。分析表明,確定耗能減震結(jié)構(gòu)罕遇地震下的譜加速度值時(shí),有必要考慮結(jié)構(gòu)基本周期及罕遇地震下的總阻尼比的變化；該方法在顯著提高計(jì)算效率的同時(shí),計(jì)算結(jié)果偏于保守地合理,并且也證實(shí)了添加耗能器后結(jié)構(gòu)大震下的抗震能力和倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力都有了明顯的提升。 (5)通過銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)損傷發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的分析,并考慮了罕遇地震譜加速度值受剩余使用年限影響等方面,來確定銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力；結(jié)合了銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)CMR時(shí)變性的特點(diǎn)來實(shí)現(xiàn)其FRP加固。分析表明,由于銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)存在初始損傷,以及鋼筋粘結(jié)滑移的影響,銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷發(fā)展明顯快于完好結(jié)構(gòu)；對(duì)于銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的剩余使用壽命來確定罕遇地震譜加速度值,否則將會(huì)低估了銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)的倒塌安全儲(chǔ)備能力；以銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)的CMR作為性能指標(biāo),可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)銹蝕結(jié)構(gòu)的合理加固。
[Abstract]:The development of a reasonable overall damage model to assess the damage degree of the structure under the earthquake action and the correct assessment of the safety reserve capacity of structural collapse under the premise of strong earthquakes is of positive significance for improving the current seismic design method. The rational application of the collapse safety reserve coefficient (CMR) for the realization of the anti collapse of the structure is made. The reinforcement of special structures, such as energy dissipation structures, corrosion structures and other special structures, has a certain guiding role. In this paper, two key problems of structural earthquake damage and collapse safety reserve are taken as the main line, and a structural integral damage model considering multiple modes is proposed for the problems existing in the current overall damage model. The selection of the strength index of ground motion and seismic waves involved in the assessment of the collapse safety reserve capacity are discussed, and the application of the structural collapse safety reserve capability is discussed around the structural collapse safety reserve capacity, and the collapse safety reserve capacity and its application of the energy dissipation structure and the corrosion structure are also made. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) combining the correlation formula in the modal Pushover analysis method and the relation between the stiffness and the period in the FEMA273, the multimodal integral damage model which can consider the contribution of the high order mode to the overall damage of the structure is derived from the Ghobarah damage model. The model establishes the connection between the Ghobarah damage model and the final softening index method. It is shown that, with the increase of the structure height and the intensification of the nonlinear degree of the structure under the action of strong earthquake, more high order modes will affect the overall damage of the structure. Therefore, the calculation process of structural damage can be achieved. It is necessary to consider the effect of high order mode on the damage of the whole. By comparing with other models, the rationality of the multimodal damage model is verified. The model is easy to use, and it has good applicability for damage assessment of structure under strong earthquake.
(2) the structure of different period sections is proposed. The seismic strength index of the structure should be used to evaluate the safety reserve capacity of the structure, and the CMR value should be corrected according to the average transcendental probability and the difference of the seismic spectrum shape. Structure, the strength index of ground motion is suggested to replace the basic periodic spectral acceleration index Sa (T1) with periodic spectral acceleration index Sa* instead of basic periodic spectral acceleration index (T1); for medium periodic structure, Sa (T1) and Housner spectral intensity index hydrazine are more applicable; for long period structure, SI will be obviously better than Sa (T1); for important long period structure, it should be combined with particular. The site spectrum is used to determine the CMR value of the structure, otherwise it is likely to overestimate the safety reserve capacity of the structure.
(3) combining the multi-modal integral damage model, the anti collapse design method of the weak layer with the collapse safety reserve is established, and the uncertainty of the maximum interlayer displacement angle and the position of the structure under the collapse state of the structure under the strong ground motion, as well as the evolution of the weak layer position of the structure under the different peak ground acceleration levels are discussed. The analysis shows that, for the structure of different layers which are designed strictly according to the standard minimum standard, because of the high order mode participation in the structural response, the difference of the displacement angle between the limit layers is caused. By the effective control of the weak layer under the collapse state, the safety reserve coefficient of the structure can be improved. In addition, in this paper, a conclusion is made. There is a positive correlation between the maximum interstory drift angle and the safety reserve of structural collapse.
(4) in view of the characteristics of energy dissipation structures, a method for determining the safety factor of collapse safety based on Pushover analysis is proposed. This method is used to determine the energy dissipation structure by using the energy dissipation structure and the collapse ground motion intensity of Pushover analysis to determine the energy dissipation structure, and to determine the energy dissipation structure. It is necessary to consider the changes in the basic structure period and the total damping ratio under the rare earthquake. This method is more conservative and reasonable, and proves that the seismic capacity and the safety reserve capacity of the collapse under the big earthquake after adding the energy dissipator are both proved. An obvious promotion.
(5) through the analysis of the development trend of the corrosion structure damage, and considering the impact of the rare earthquake spectrum acceleration on the remaining years of use, the safety reserve capacity of the rusted structure is determined, and the FRP reinforcement is realized by the characteristic of the corrosion structure CMR time variation. The analysis shows that the corrosion structure has initial damage and steel. The damage development of the corrosion structure is obviously faster than the intact structure, and the corrosion structure should be based on the residual service life of the structure to determine the earthquake spectrum acceleration value, otherwise the safety reserve capacity of the rusted structure will be underestimated. The corrosion structure CMR can be used as the performance index to achieve the corrosion of the corrosion structure. The rational reinforcement of the structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU37;TU312.3
本文編號(hào)：2136116
[Abstract]:The development of a reasonable overall damage model to assess the damage degree of the structure under the earthquake action and the correct assessment of the safety reserve capacity of structural collapse under the premise of strong earthquakes is of positive significance for improving the current seismic design method. The rational application of the collapse safety reserve coefficient (CMR) for the realization of the anti collapse of the structure is made. The reinforcement of special structures, such as energy dissipation structures, corrosion structures and other special structures, has a certain guiding role. In this paper, two key problems of structural earthquake damage and collapse safety reserve are taken as the main line, and a structural integral damage model considering multiple modes is proposed for the problems existing in the current overall damage model. The selection of the strength index of ground motion and seismic waves involved in the assessment of the collapse safety reserve capacity are discussed, and the application of the structural collapse safety reserve capability is discussed around the structural collapse safety reserve capacity, and the collapse safety reserve capacity and its application of the energy dissipation structure and the corrosion structure are also made. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) combining the correlation formula in the modal Pushover analysis method and the relation between the stiffness and the period in the FEMA273, the multimodal integral damage model which can consider the contribution of the high order mode to the overall damage of the structure is derived from the Ghobarah damage model. The model establishes the connection between the Ghobarah damage model and the final softening index method. It is shown that, with the increase of the structure height and the intensification of the nonlinear degree of the structure under the action of strong earthquake, more high order modes will affect the overall damage of the structure. Therefore, the calculation process of structural damage can be achieved. It is necessary to consider the effect of high order mode on the damage of the whole. By comparing with other models, the rationality of the multimodal damage model is verified. The model is easy to use, and it has good applicability for damage assessment of structure under strong earthquake.
(2) the structure of different period sections is proposed. The seismic strength index of the structure should be used to evaluate the safety reserve capacity of the structure, and the CMR value should be corrected according to the average transcendental probability and the difference of the seismic spectrum shape. Structure, the strength index of ground motion is suggested to replace the basic periodic spectral acceleration index Sa (T1) with periodic spectral acceleration index Sa* instead of basic periodic spectral acceleration index (T1); for medium periodic structure, Sa (T1) and Housner spectral intensity index hydrazine are more applicable; for long period structure, SI will be obviously better than Sa (T1); for important long period structure, it should be combined with particular. The site spectrum is used to determine the CMR value of the structure, otherwise it is likely to overestimate the safety reserve capacity of the structure.
(3) combining the multi-modal integral damage model, the anti collapse design method of the weak layer with the collapse safety reserve is established, and the uncertainty of the maximum interlayer displacement angle and the position of the structure under the collapse state of the structure under the strong ground motion, as well as the evolution of the weak layer position of the structure under the different peak ground acceleration levels are discussed. The analysis shows that, for the structure of different layers which are designed strictly according to the standard minimum standard, because of the high order mode participation in the structural response, the difference of the displacement angle between the limit layers is caused. By the effective control of the weak layer under the collapse state, the safety reserve coefficient of the structure can be improved. In addition, in this paper, a conclusion is made. There is a positive correlation between the maximum interstory drift angle and the safety reserve of structural collapse.
(4) in view of the characteristics of energy dissipation structures, a method for determining the safety factor of collapse safety based on Pushover analysis is proposed. This method is used to determine the energy dissipation structure by using the energy dissipation structure and the collapse ground motion intensity of Pushover analysis to determine the energy dissipation structure, and to determine the energy dissipation structure. It is necessary to consider the changes in the basic structure period and the total damping ratio under the rare earthquake. This method is more conservative and reasonable, and proves that the seismic capacity and the safety reserve capacity of the collapse under the big earthquake after adding the energy dissipator are both proved. An obvious promotion.
(5) through the analysis of the development trend of the corrosion structure damage, and considering the impact of the rare earthquake spectrum acceleration on the remaining years of use, the safety reserve capacity of the rusted structure is determined, and the FRP reinforcement is realized by the characteristic of the corrosion structure CMR time variation. The analysis shows that the corrosion structure has initial damage and steel. The damage development of the corrosion structure is obviously faster than the intact structure, and the corrosion structure should be based on the residual service life of the structure to determine the earthquake spectrum acceleration value, otherwise the safety reserve capacity of the rusted structure will be underestimated. The corrosion structure CMR can be used as the performance index to achieve the corrosion of the corrosion structure. The rational reinforcement of the structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU37;TU312.3
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