【摘要】：每年我國都要發(fā)生大量道路交通事故,在這些道路交通事故中,交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)與侵權(quán)責(zé)任往往互為表里,共同承擔(dān)起了保障受害人、維護(hù)道路交通安全的功能。道路交通事故發(fā)生后,受害人一方面可以在交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)責(zé)任限額范圍內(nèi)得到保險(xiǎn)公司的賠付,另一方面若交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)責(zé)任限額范圍內(nèi)無法彌補(bǔ)受害人的損失,受害人還可以向致害人主張損害賠償請求權(quán),可謂雙重救濟(jì)。在法律范圍內(nèi),我國法律在交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)責(zé)任限額外對侵權(quán)責(zé)任的規(guī)定較為具體,理論界與實(shí)踐界對其爭議也較小,但交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)責(zé)任限額范圍內(nèi)與侵權(quán)責(zé)任的交互關(guān)系方面的規(guī)定卻存在著疏漏和不足,也致使實(shí)踐界產(chǎn)生了許多爭議,為了解決這些爭議,筆者遂決定從交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)與侵權(quán)責(zé)任的交互關(guān)系入手,分析二者在道路交通事故中所起的作用,探究其背后關(guān)系產(chǎn)生的原因,從而為解決我國交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)責(zé)任限額范圍內(nèi)侵權(quán)責(zé)任的認(rèn)定問題提供依據(jù)。本文共分為四個(gè)部分。第一個(gè)部分提出我國法律在交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)責(zé)任限額范圍內(nèi)與侵權(quán)責(zé)任規(guī)定的空白,這導(dǎo)致在實(shí)踐中出現(xiàn)了相關(guān)案例,不同法院對于該如何認(rèn)定這種情況看法不一。第二部分著重介紹產(chǎn)生這種交互關(guān)系厘定不清的原因,首先從交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)與侵權(quán)責(zé)任的一般關(guān)系入手,再分析二者在對受害人救濟(jì)方面的不同之處,最后指出我國法律規(guī)定的缺陷之處。第三部分分別介紹韓國、德國、美國三個(gè)國家對該問題的處理模式,它們對我國構(gòu)建交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)與侵權(quán)責(zé)任交互關(guān)系的制度有何借鑒意義。第四部分,筆者對完善我國交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)與侵權(quán)責(zé)任交互關(guān)系制度提出了幾點(diǎn)建議,筆者認(rèn)為在交強(qiáng)險(xiǎn)責(zé)任限額范圍內(nèi)貫徹?zé)o過錯(cuò)責(zé)任原則,但在受害人有重大過失時(shí),引入過失相抵原則,或許能較好解決該問題。
[Abstract]:Every year, a large number of road traffic accidents occur in our country. In these road traffic accidents, traffic insurance and tort liability are often in the form of mutual protection of victims and maintenance of road traffic safety function. After a road traffic accident, the victim may, on the one hand, be compensated by the insurance company within the limits of the traffic insurance liability limit, and on the other hand, if the victim's loss cannot be compensated within the scope of the traffic insurance liability limit, The victim can also claim the right to claim damages to the victim, which can be described as double relief. Within the scope of law, the provisions of tort liability outside the limitation of traffic insurance liability in Chinese law are more specific, and the disputes between the theoretical and practical circles are also relatively small. However, there are some omissions and deficiencies in the provisions on the interaction between the liability limits of traffic insurance and tort liability, which also lead to many disputes in practice, in order to resolve these disputes, The author then decided to start with the interaction between traffic insurance and tort liability, analyze their role in road traffic accidents, and explore the reasons behind the relationship. Therefore, it provides the basis for the determination of tort liability within the limits of traffic insurance liability in China. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part points out the gap between the law of our country and the limitation of tort liability, which leads to the emergence of relevant cases in practice. Different courts have different views on how to determine this situation. The second part mainly introduces the reasons for the unclear determination of this kind of interactive relationship. Firstly, it starts with the general relationship between traffic insurance and tort liability, and then analyzes the differences between the two in the relief to the victims. Finally, it points out the defects of our country's laws. The third part introduces the three countries of Korea, Germany and the United States respectively to deal with this problem, they have some reference significance for our country to build the system of the interaction between traffic insurance and tort liability. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some suggestions to perfect the interaction system of traffic insurance and tort liability in our country. The author thinks that the principle of no-fault liability should be carried out within the limits of traffic insurance liability, but when the victim has gross negligence, The introduction of the principle of fault offset may be a better solution to the problem.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.14

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本文編號：2222047