【摘要】：近年來(lái)，因醫(yī)療侵權(quán)而引發(fā)的“醫(yī)鬧”事故頻發(fā)，其中大多是因?yàn)獒t(yī)療糾紛發(fā)生后，醫(yī)患之間就賠償問(wèn)題無(wú)法達(dá)成一致，患者及其家屬對(duì)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)缺乏信任，矛盾不斷激化，患者以及他們的家屬就使用圍堵醫(yī)院等非正當(dāng)形式來(lái)維護(hù)權(quán)益。醫(yī)療侵權(quán)對(duì)病患者及其家屬的人身財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)等權(quán)益會(huì)造成極大傷害，而我國(guó)醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域現(xiàn)存法律規(guī)定除了醫(yī)療產(chǎn)品侵權(quán)明確適用懲罰性賠償，其他類型醫(yī)療侵權(quán)適用傳統(tǒng)同質(zhì)補(bǔ)償?shù)难a(bǔ)償性賠償原則，患者及其家屬的損害并不能得以完全補(bǔ)償。懲罰性賠償制度具有補(bǔ)償性賠償制度所不具備的預(yù)防與懲戒功效，能夠遏制醫(yī)護(hù)人員診療行為中的醫(yī)療侵權(quán)，同時(shí)激勵(lì)患者及其家屬通過(guò)合法渠道去維護(hù)自身的合法權(quán)益，而不是通過(guò)“醫(yī)鬧”等非法行為維護(hù)自身權(quán)益，懲罰性賠償在醫(yī)療侵權(quán)領(lǐng)域中的適用對(duì)構(gòu)建和諧醫(yī)患環(huán)境具有無(wú)可比擬的作用。因此在醫(yī)療侵權(quán)領(lǐng)域我國(guó)應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步加大適用于懲罰性損害賠償責(zé)任的類型化范圍，從而真正實(shí)現(xiàn)公平與正義的目標(biāo)。該文章擬對(duì)其有關(guān)基本理論進(jìn)行分析，研究我國(guó)在醫(yī)療侵權(quán)領(lǐng)域擴(kuò)大適用懲罰性賠償制度的實(shí)然、必然、可然與應(yīng)然，，為更好的預(yù)防和制裁情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的醫(yī)療侵權(quán)行為，醫(yī)療侵權(quán)被侵權(quán)人得以充分救濟(jì)，維護(hù)醫(yī)療秩序的穩(wěn)定。 本文主要包括除了引言和結(jié)語(yǔ)之外的五個(gè)部分，內(nèi)容如下： 第一章闡明醫(yī)療侵權(quán)的懲罰性損害賠償制度的理論加以具體分析。即首先從醫(yī)療侵權(quán)的相關(guān)基本理論的概念入手，再對(duì)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)懲罰性賠償制度的概念進(jìn)行界定，對(duì)其分類、性質(zhì)與功能進(jìn)行分析，為后文論述我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)擴(kuò)大懲罰性賠償制度的適用究奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。 第二章考察我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)中損害賠償制度的實(shí)然性。即首先從法律文本上探討我國(guó)《民法通則》中對(duì)民事領(lǐng)域侵權(quán)損害賠償原則規(guī)定的不透明性；然后探究我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)中懲罰性賠償僅適用醫(yī)療產(chǎn)品侵權(quán)的的狹隘性，指出問(wèn)題與不足，為下文研究對(duì)策做好準(zhǔn)備。 第三章探討我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)擴(kuò)大適用懲罰性賠償制度必然性。即主要研究在醫(yī)療侵權(quán)領(lǐng)域過(guò)多適用傳統(tǒng)補(bǔ)償性賠償制度的各種不足與缺陷，而懲罰性賠償?shù)乃拇蠊δ苷每梢韵粞a(bǔ)償性賠償?shù)母鞣N缺陷，懲罰性損害賠償制度對(duì)充分救濟(jì)患者及其家屬意義重大。 第四章探究我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)擴(kuò)大適用懲罰性賠償制度的可然性。即立足于前文實(shí)然與必然的研究基礎(chǔ)上，探討我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)擴(kuò)大適用懲罰性賠償制度的可然性。首先我國(guó)歷史傳統(tǒng)與社會(huì)生活中具有濃厚的懲罰性損害賠償?shù)乃枷耄黄浯位诙糁破墼p與保護(hù)生命健康權(quán)的需要，醫(yī)療侵權(quán)亦可以像《消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法》以及《食品安全法》規(guī)定的那樣對(duì)情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的侵權(quán)者施以懲罰性賠償。而且我國(guó)部分地區(qū)地方立法中已經(jīng)對(duì)醫(yī)患關(guān)系適用懲罰性賠償做出了實(shí)踐，并且取得很好的效果。 第五章研究我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)擴(kuò)大適用懲罰性賠償制度的應(yīng)然性。即是主要論證我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)領(lǐng)域懲罰性損害賠償首先應(yīng)堅(jiān)持“以補(bǔ)償性為主，懲罰性為輔”的這一原則模式；并明確適當(dāng)擴(kuò)大我國(guó)醫(yī)療侵權(quán)中的懲罰性賠償制度具體構(gòu)成要件以及配套制度的構(gòu)建。
[Abstract]:In recent years, medical malpractices caused by medical infringement have occurred frequently, mostly because doctors and patients can not reach an agreement on compensation after medical disputes occur, patients and their families lack trust in medical institutions, contradictions continue to intensify, patients and their families use unfair forms such as blocking hospitals to safeguard their rights and interests. Medical infringement will cause great harm to the rights and interests of patients and their family members, such as personal property rights. However, the existing laws in the medical field stipulate that in addition to the punitive damages for infringement of medical products, other types of medical infringement apply the compensatory principle of traditional homogeneous compensation, and the damage of patients and their family members can not be complete. Compensation. Punitive damages system has the preventive and disciplinary effect that compensatory damages system does not have. It can restrain medical tort in medical staff's diagnosis and treatment, and encourage patients and their families to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests through legal channels, instead of safeguarding their rights and interests through illegal acts such as "medical malpractice" and punitive damages. The application of compensation in the field of medical tort plays an incomparable role in building a harmonious doctor-patient environment. Therefore, in the field of medical tort, China should further expand the scope of classification of liability for punitive damages, so as to truly achieve the goal of fairness and justice. In order to prevent and punish medical infringement with serious circumstances, the infringed party of medical infringement can fully relieve and maintain the stability of medical order.
This article mainly includes five parts besides the introduction and conclusion. The contents are as follows:
The first chapter expounds the theory of the punitive damages system of medical tort and analyzes it concretely, that is, the concept of the punitive damages system of medical tort is first defined from the basic theory of medical tort, and then the classification, nature and function of the punitive damages system of medical tort are analyzed. The application of penal compensation system lays a theoretical foundation.
Chapter 2 examines the practicality of the system of compensation for damages in medical tort in China, that is, the opacity of the principle of compensation for damages in tort in the civil field stipulated in the General Principles of the Civil Law of China is first discussed from the legal text, and then the narrowness of the application of punitive damages in medical tort in China is explored, and the problems and shortcomings are pointed out. Prepare for the following study of countermeasures.
Chapter three discusses the inevitability of expanding the application of punitive damages in medical infringement in China.It mainly studies the shortcomings and defects of excessive application of traditional compensatory damages in the field of medical infringement. Ji patients and their families are of great significance.
Chapter Four explores the possibility of expanding the application of punitive damages in medical tort in China. In order to curb fraud and protect the right to life and health, medical infringement can also impose punitive damages on serious infringers as stipulated in Consumer Protection Law and Food Safety Law. Very good results.
The fifth chapter studies the necessity of expanding the application of punitive damages in medical infringement in China, that is to say, the punitive damages in the field of medical infringement should first adhere to the principle of "compensatory mainly, punitive supplementary"; and make clear the specific composition of the punitive damages system in medical infringement in China. Elements and supporting system construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16;D923

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