本文選題：合法預(yù)期 + 可行性��； 參考：《中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)政府當(dāng)前正處于轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期，建設(shè)服務(wù)型政府已經(jīng)成為社會(huì)各界的共識(shí)，因此，如何更加合理的簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)，控制政府手里的權(quán)力成為一個(gè)具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的課題。當(dāng)下，政府改變自己先前已經(jīng)作出的行政行為或者因客觀情況變更行政規(guī)范性法律文件的情況時(shí)有發(fā)生，在此種情況下，如何面對(duì)未變更之前相對(duì)人對(duì)舊有的法律秩序的信任，以及因此種信任而采取的行動(dòng)給相對(duì)人因信賴先前行政行為卻遭受不可預(yù)見(jiàn)的不利損害后果成為我國(guó)法律制度建設(shè)所不能回避的問(wèn)題。 這一問(wèn)題的實(shí)質(zhì)在于，行政機(jī)關(guān)可能出于情勢(shì)變更或者公共利益的需要，為了提高行政效率以便盡快的達(dá)到目的，但是法律又應(yīng)當(dāng)照顧到受潛在威脅的相對(duì)人的信賴；行政機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)如何合法的變更行政行為，其變更行為的界限又當(dāng)如何界定。合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則的出現(xiàn)正有效的解決了這一問(wèn)題，它體現(xiàn)的是合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則與容忍行政行為變更之間一個(gè)大致公平的權(quán)衡問(wèn)題。 需要指出的是，從比較法的角度來(lái)看，德國(guó)法上的信賴保護(hù)概念與英國(guó)法上的合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則大體相當(dāng)，但是兩者適用的范圍與內(nèi)涵不完全一樣，但都存在著信賴保護(hù)的觀念，兩者之間并不是簡(jiǎn)單替代關(guān)系，而是有著千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系。因此，在本文中，我們研究合法預(yù)期并不是要簡(jiǎn)單的替換信賴保護(hù)，而是盡可能的彌補(bǔ)我國(guó)信賴保護(hù)的不足，把合法預(yù)期的有益制度納入到信賴保護(hù)之中。 本文將分四部分對(duì)合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則的相關(guān)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究。 第一部分，主要介紹合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則的基本理論。鑒于合法預(yù)期理論在我國(guó)的學(xué)界研究的不夠深入，但對(duì)起源于德國(guó)的信賴保護(hù)原則研究較多，因此第一節(jié)里簡(jiǎn)單介紹德國(guó)的信賴保護(hù)的起源后，進(jìn)而對(duì)在英國(guó)、歐盟法上發(fā)展的比較成熟的合法預(yù)期進(jìn)行介紹，希望能夠?qū)ξ覈?guó)吸納合法預(yù)期的有益制度給予有益的借鑒；在研究域外法關(guān)于合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合我國(guó)學(xué)界相關(guān)研究，第二節(jié)將簡(jiǎn)要的提出合法預(yù)期的內(nèi)涵；在第三節(jié)里，本文探討了為什么要保護(hù)合法預(yù)期的幾點(diǎn)理由，包括基于信賴保護(hù)的要求，基于法治的確定性、可預(yù)測(cè)性以及公平對(duì)待的要求，基于良好行政的要求，基于經(jīng)濟(jì)效率的要求；最后，在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上，我們初步地給出合法預(yù)期保護(hù)的構(gòu)成要件。 第二部分，，論述合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則相關(guān)制度在我國(guó)引進(jìn)的可行性。主要從以下兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行論述：首先辨析清楚行政法上的信賴?yán)婧皖A(yù)期利益，而后進(jìn)一步探討合法預(yù)期和信賴保護(hù)的關(guān)系，同時(shí)指出我國(guó)信賴保護(hù)原則的不足之處，分析我國(guó)引入合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則相關(guān)理論的優(yōu)越性；然后從合法預(yù)期的語(yǔ)義和實(shí)踐兩個(gè)方面論述我國(guó)合法預(yù)期保護(hù)原則引進(jìn)的必要性。 第三部分和第四部分都是本文論述的重點(diǎn)章節(jié)。第三部分主要探討合法預(yù)期的程序性保護(hù)。在這一部分，我們論述的是在我國(guó)信賴保護(hù)中所缺失的程序保護(hù)，首先提出合法預(yù)期的程序性保護(hù)產(chǎn)生的兩種情景，隨后從合法預(yù)期對(duì)立法過(guò)程、行政變更裁量過(guò)程和司法審查過(guò)程中的程序制約能力來(lái)探討合法預(yù)期的程序性保護(hù)在我國(guó)的落實(shí)與改造，最后提出了重新解構(gòu)濫用職權(quán)的司法審查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 第四部分主要介紹的是合法預(yù)期的實(shí)體性保護(hù)。為了更好的契合我國(guó)的信賴保護(hù)原則，本部分研究了合法預(yù)期中存在的存續(xù)保護(hù)和補(bǔ)償（賠償）保護(hù)兩種保護(hù)方式，也就是完整實(shí)體保護(hù)和損害補(bǔ)償保護(hù)。在內(nèi)容上，也是先提出合法預(yù)期實(shí)體保護(hù)的情景；隨后重點(diǎn)從完整實(shí)體保護(hù)條款、過(guò)渡條款和損害補(bǔ)償條款三種不同實(shí)體保護(hù)的方式論述合法預(yù)期的實(shí)體性保護(hù)在我國(guó)的落實(shí)與改造。
[Abstract]:The government is now in the transition period , and the construction service - oriented government has become the consensus of all circles of society . Therefore , how to make a more rational and simple decentralization and control the government ' s power become a realistic topic . In this case , how to face the trust of the previous administrative act or change the administrative normative legal document by the objective circumstances , in which case , how to face the former relative person ' s trust in the old legal order , and thus the trust and the action that the opposite person has suffered from the unpredictable adverse effect of the previous administrative act has become the question that the construction of the legal system of our country cannot avoid .

The essence of this problem is that the administrative organ may , for reasons of change of circumstances or the needs of public interest , to improve the administrative efficiency so as to achieve the purpose as soon as possible , but the law should also take care of the relative reliance of the potential threat ;
How the administrative organ should legally change the administrative behavior and how to define the limits of its change behavior is how to define it . The emergence of the lawful expectation protection principle is effectively solved the problem , which embodies a generally fair trade - off between the principle of legal expectation protection and the change of tolerance administrative behavior .

It needs to be pointed out that , from the perspective of comparative law , the concept of trust protection in German law is equivalent to the principle of legal expectation protection in English law , but the scope and connotation of both are different , but there is a relationship between trust and protection .

In this paper , we will study the relevant problems of the principle of legal expectation protection in four parts .

The first part mainly introduces the basic theory of the principle of legal expectation protection . In view of the fact that the theory of legitimate expectation is not enough in China ' s academic field , the research on the principle of trust protection originated in Germany is much more , so the first section briefly introduces the origin of Germany ' s reliance protection , and then introduces the relatively mature legitimate expectation of development in the UK and EU law , and hopes that it can provide beneficial reference for the beneficial system of legal expectation in China .
On the basis of the study of the principle of the protection of the legality of the extraterritorial law , the article gives a brief introduction to the connotation of legal expectation in combination with the relevant research in China ' s academic field ;
In the third section , this paper discusses why to protect the legitimate expectations , including the requirement of trust protection , the certainty , predictability and fair treatment of the rule of law , based on the requirement of good administration , and based on the requirements of economic efficiency ;
Finally , on the basis of the above research , we preliminarily give the constitutive requirements of the legal expectation protection .

The second part discusses the feasibility of introducing the relevant system of legal expectation protection principle in our country . Firstly , it discusses the relationship between the trust interests and the pre - profit in the clear administrative law , then further discusses the relationship between legal expectation and trust protection . At the same time , it points out the deficiency of the principle of trust protection in our country , and analyses the superiority of the theory related to the introduction of the principle of legal expectation protection in our country ;
Then it discusses the necessity of introducing the principle of legal expectation protection in our country from two aspects : the semantics and practice of legal expectation .

The third part and the fourth part are the key chapters discussed in this paper . The third part mainly discusses the procedural protection of legal expectations . In this part , we discuss the procedural protection which is missing in the protection of trust in our country . First , we put forward two scenarios which are generated by the procedural protection of legitimate expectations . Then , we discuss the implementation and transformation of the legally expected procedural protection in our country from the legal expectation , and finally put forward the judicial review standard for re - destructing abuse of authority .

The fourth part mainly introduces the substantive protection of legal expectation . In order to better fit the principle of trust protection in our country , this part studies the existence of protection and compensation ( compensation ) in the legal expectation , which is the protection and compensation protection of the whole entity .
Then focus on the realization and transformation of the legal expectation of substantive protection in our country from the protection terms of the whole entity , the transitional clause and the compensation clause .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.1

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