本文選題：代孕　切入點(diǎn)：有限開(kāi)放　出處：《寧夏大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人工生殖技術(shù)的成熟,作為其衍生物之一的代孕逐漸走入人們的視野,一方面它能保障特殊群體的生育權(quán),實(shí)現(xiàn)其為人父母的心愿,另一方面,也引發(fā)了一系列爭(zhēng)議,使人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展面臨嚴(yán)峻的考驗(yàn)。對(duì)于代孕,究竟是禁止還是開(kāi)放?世界各國(guó)和地區(qū)基于其不同政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、社會(huì)背景做出了不同的選擇,但總結(jié)其規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)各國(guó)和地區(qū)對(duì)代孕的立法態(tài)度并不是一成不變,而是隨著人民思想觀念、社會(huì)發(fā)展和政府態(tài)度的變化而變化。我國(guó)法律是明令禁止代孕的,但現(xiàn)實(shí)情況是,代孕不但沒(méi)能被禁止,反而轉(zhuǎn)為地下,形成了規(guī)模龐大的地下產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈,當(dāng)事人的權(quán)益不但無(wú)法保障,在受到侵害時(shí),也得不到救濟(jì)。本文認(rèn)為,一方面,無(wú)論從中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)倫理道德觀念還是維護(hù)家庭健全的角度考量,代孕都有其合法合理性;另一方面,通過(guò)借鑒其他國(guó)家和地區(qū)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),只堵不疏并不是長(zhǎng)久之計(jì),況且,一個(gè)制度在不能適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展,滿足社會(huì)正當(dāng)需求的時(shí)候,做出調(diào)整是其必然的選擇。本文認(rèn)為,代孕不能“一刀切”的禁止,對(duì)于真正有需要的特殊群體、弱勢(shì)群體,法律應(yīng)考慮到其需要,對(duì)其有限制的開(kāi)放,使其親情得以寄托,血脈得以傳承。我國(guó)應(yīng)順應(yīng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展和需要,對(duì)代孕技術(shù)客觀的看待、理性的引導(dǎo)、科學(xué)的使用,并結(jié)合國(guó)情,在倫理道德、法律原則、基本人權(quán)和社會(huì)接納程度之間尋找一個(gè)平衡點(diǎn),盡可能的發(fā)揮代孕的積極作用,為代孕這個(gè)涉及多方利益、多重爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)一套操作性強(qiáng)的法律規(guī)制,確保代孕技術(shù)的健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the maturity of artificial reproduction technology, surrogacy, as one of its derivatives, has gradually come into people's view. On the one hand, it can protect the reproductive rights of special groups and realize their desire to be parents. On the other hand, it has also triggered a series of disputes. The development of human society is faced with a severe test. For surrogacy, is it forbidden or open? Countries and regions in the world have made different choices on the basis of their different political, economic, cultural and social backgrounds. However, by summing up their laws, it is found that the legislative attitude of countries and regions towards surrogacy is not static, but with the people's ideas and ideas. Social development and changes in the attitude of the government. The law of our country explicitly prohibits surrogacy, but the reality is that surrogacy has not been banned, but turned underground, forming a huge underground industrial chain. Not only the rights and interests of the parties can not be protected, nor can they be remedied when they are infringed. On the one hand, the surrogacy has its legal rationality, whether from the point of view of Chinese traditional ethics or maintaining the integrity of the family; On the other hand, by learning from the experience of other countries and regions, we have found that it is not a long-term solution to only stop the problem. Moreover, when a system cannot adapt to social development and meet the legitimate needs of society, This article holds that surrogacy cannot be prohibited in a one-size-fits-all manner. For special groups and vulnerable groups in real need, the law should take into account their needs, have a limited opening to them, so that their family feelings can be entrusted. Our country should conform to the development and need of the society, treat surrogacy technology objectively, guide rationally, use scientifically, combine with national conditions, in ethics, law principle, To find a balance between basic human rights and social acceptance, to play a positive role in surrogacy as far as possible, and to design a set of operational legal regulations for surrogacy, which involves various interests and disputes. Ensure the healthy development of surrogate technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D922.16

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