本文選題：退役軍人　切入點(diǎn)：社會(huì)優(yōu)撫　出處：《甘肅政法學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)在的中國(guó)面臨著領(lǐng)土爭(zhēng)端等一系列不安全的因素,戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的突發(fā)性越來(lái)越大,加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)建設(shè)尤其重要,而社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度與軍人息息相關(guān),是激發(fā)軍人斗氣、提高戰(zhàn)斗力的必要渠道。正確認(rèn)清我國(guó)退役軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫的現(xiàn)狀,就需要我們實(shí)事求是,準(zhǔn)確把握現(xiàn)代國(guó)防建設(shè)對(duì)社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度提出的更高要求,以及二者更加緊密的聯(lián)系,加深對(duì)建立和完善退役軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度的重要性認(rèn)識(shí),探索出一套適合我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的退役軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度,才能吸引中華優(yōu)秀兒女加入到國(guó)防建設(shè)隊(duì)伍中來(lái),才能符合軍隊(duì)質(zhì)量建軍的要求,也是社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的客觀需要。改革和完善退役軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度,是提高軍隊(duì)吸引力,是解除軍人生活之憂的重要手段和制度。為了中國(guó)的國(guó)防現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的需要,為了保障中國(guó)有和平發(fā)展的環(huán)境,改革和完善退役軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度已經(jīng)刻不容緩。近幾年來(lái),我國(guó)的許多的法律制度都有了較大的改革與完善,各類人的合法權(quán)益保障都得到了巨大的改善,退役軍人的社會(huì)優(yōu)撫待遇也有了很大的提高,但是優(yōu)撫法律制度建設(shè)仍然進(jìn)步不大,與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和一些發(fā)展中國(guó)家的軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度相比,仍然有鮮明的差距。退役軍人的社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律存在的問(wèn)題,依然不容樂(lè)觀。首先,在國(guó)家位于和平期內(nèi),許多人國(guó)防觀念淡薄,擁軍愛屬意識(shí)不強(qiáng),認(rèn)為軍人不是弱勢(shì)的階層,也沒(méi)有創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的能力,不應(yīng)不勞而獲,現(xiàn)行的優(yōu)撫法律保障力已經(jīng)能滿足需求。其次,退役、傷殘、犧牲等軍人優(yōu)撫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)低,還有許多軍齡長(zhǎng)的軍人家屬文化水平不高,多數(shù)人來(lái)自農(nóng)村,無(wú)一技之長(zhǎng),謀生能力較差,工作難找,合法的權(quán)益得不到保障,社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律覆蓋面不全。所以中國(guó)軍人的社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度的建設(shè)缺少長(zhǎng)期性和戰(zhàn)略性的考慮,一些社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律條款與現(xiàn)實(shí)不相符,法制化、社會(huì)化程度不高,主要依靠政令來(lái)執(zhí)行,這些都不能更好地解決退役軍人及家屬的生活上難題,使之受到生活的拖累。只有加大力度對(duì)退役軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫的法律制度的基本理論進(jìn)行研究,分析我國(guó)退役軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律的現(xiàn)狀和存在的根本問(wèn)題,借鑒美國(guó)、德國(guó)與印度等國(guó)先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的一些好的做法,從完善立法、增加社會(huì)優(yōu)撫經(jīng)費(fèi)、加大對(duì)退役軍人及家屬優(yōu)撫力度等入手,協(xié)調(diào)好國(guó)家、軍隊(duì)、社會(huì)和個(gè)人權(quán)利與義務(wù),理順管理體制,遵從市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律,才能解決好退役軍人社會(huì)優(yōu)撫的問(wèn)題,提出一條符合中國(guó)的、各方滿意的社會(huì)優(yōu)撫法律制度來(lái)。
[Abstract]:Now China is faced with a series of unsafe factors, such as territorial disputes, and the sudden outbreak of war is becoming more and more serious. It is particularly important to strengthen the building of the armed forces. The necessary channels for improving combat effectiveness and a correct understanding of the current situation of social preferential care for retired military personnel in our country require us to seek truth from facts and accurately grasp the higher requirements put forward by the modern national defense construction for the legal system of social preferential care. And the two are more closely related, deepen the understanding of the importance of establishing and improving the social preferential legal system of retired servicemen, and explore a suit of law system suitable for China's current society of retired servicemen. In order to attract outstanding Chinese sons and daughters to join the ranks of national defense construction, to meet the requirements of military quality and army building, and also to meet the objective needs of the development of the socialist market economy, we can reform and improve the legal system of social excellence for retired military personnel. It is an important means and system to improve the attractiveness of the armed forces and to relieve the worries about the life of servicemen. For the sake of China's national defense modernization construction, and in order to ensure a peaceful environment for China's development, It is urgent to reform and improve the legal system of preferential care for retired servicemen. In recent years, many legal systems in our country have been greatly reformed and perfected, and the legal rights and interests of all kinds of people have been greatly improved. The social preferential treatment of retired soldiers has also been greatly improved, but the construction of preferential legal system is still not much progress, compared with the developed countries and some developing countries, There is still a clear gap. There is still no optimism about the problems existing in the laws governing the society of retired servicemen. First of all, during the period of peace, many people have a weak sense of national defense and do not have a strong sense of support for the army. They believe that military personnel are not a vulnerable class. There is also no ability to create economic benefits and should not be rewarded without effort. The current legal support for preferential care has already been able to meet the demand. Secondly, retired, disabled, and sacrificed servicemen have low standards for preferential treatment, and many military families with long military years have a low level of education. Most people come from rural areas, have no skills, are poor at earning a living, are hard to find work, and their legitimate rights and interests are not guaranteed. Therefore, the construction of the social preferential legal system of Chinese military personnel lacks long-term and strategic consideration. Some of the legal provisions of social preferential care are inconsistent with reality, legalized, and not highly socialized. Mainly relying on decrees to carry out, these can not better solve the problems in the life of retired servicemen and their families, and make them suffer from the drag of life. Only by stepping up efforts to study the basic theory of the social preferential legal system of retired servicemen, Based on the analysis of the current situation and the existing problems of the social preferential pension law in China, the author draws lessons from the advanced experience of the United States, Germany and India, and some current good practices in our country, in order to improve the legislation and increase the funds for social benefit. Only by strengthening the efforts to give preferential care to retired servicemen and their families, coordinating the rights and obligations of the state, the armed forces, society and individuals, straightening out the management system and complying with the laws of the market economy, can the problem of social preferential care for retired servicemen be solved well. To put forward a social preferential legal system in line with China and satisfactory to all parties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅政法學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.182.3

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