本文關(guān)鍵詞： 行政行為 非強(qiáng)制性行政行為 問(wèn)題 法律規(guī)制　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的公共行政和行政法建立在公私分立、公私對(duì)立的理念基礎(chǔ)之上。我國(guó)的法制化是以國(guó)家為軸心構(gòu)建的，這就導(dǎo)致了法規(guī)范的國(guó)家性，在法邏輯設(shè)計(jì)上構(gòu)建出一種對(duì)抗性的主體關(guān)系。在這種理念之下創(chuàng)建的狹義的行政行為概念中的強(qiáng)制性、單方性、無(wú)償性等屬性已不符合行政實(shí)踐的需要，逐漸遭到質(zhì)疑和反思。行政指導(dǎo)、行政合同、行政獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、行政調(diào)解等以雙方合意為基礎(chǔ)且不具有對(duì)外強(qiáng)制性、命令性特性的行政活動(dòng)日益受到行政主體的重視。本文在研究梳理我國(guó)行政法學(xué)者對(duì)非強(qiáng)制性行政行為研究的基礎(chǔ)上，論述自己的觀點(diǎn)和建議。 本文可以大體分為四個(gè)部分，具體內(nèi)容如下： 第一部分非強(qiáng)制性行政行為概述。在本部分，筆者首先確定非強(qiáng)制性行政行為適用的語(yǔ)境，即在什么樣的行政行為理論下確定非強(qiáng)制性行政行為的概念。之后，具體探討非強(qiáng)制性行政行為的概念、特征、構(gòu)成和法律效力，以形成對(duì)非強(qiáng)制性行政行為的較為合理、全面的印象。 第二部分非強(qiáng)制性行政行為的價(jià)值分析。在這一部分，，筆者簡(jiǎn)要的論述非強(qiáng)制性行政行為對(duì)行政民主化、政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變和強(qiáng)制性行政行為不足的促進(jìn)、彌補(bǔ)的功能價(jià)值。明確對(duì)非強(qiáng)制性行政行為研究的意義，為我國(guó)的公共行政改革指明方向。 第三部分非強(qiáng)制性行政行為實(shí)踐中存在的問(wèn)題。這一部分主要是通過(guò)考察非強(qiáng)制性行政行為在我國(guó)的實(shí)踐狀況，歸納出實(shí)踐中存在的問(wèn)題，明確對(duì)非強(qiáng)制性行政行為進(jìn)行法律規(guī)制的必要性。 第四部分非強(qiáng)制性行政行為的法律規(guī)制。要將各種不具有強(qiáng)制性的行政活動(dòng)制度化，在目前還有很大難度。筆者只能簡(jiǎn)要的論述對(duì)其制度化的初步構(gòu)想。非強(qiáng)制性行政行為本身的特點(diǎn)決定了關(guān)于非強(qiáng)制性行政行為的立法原則性強(qiáng)，而且統(tǒng)一立法規(guī)制難度很大。筆者認(rèn)為，對(duì)非強(qiáng)制性行政行為的法律規(guī)制首先要遵循行政法的原則；在規(guī)則設(shè)計(jì)上應(yīng)當(dāng)注重程序而非實(shí)體；法律責(zé)任主體具有雙方性，責(zé)任類型多樣，適用情形不同并且應(yīng)當(dāng)注意將責(zé)任設(shè)定與公務(wù)員的政績(jī)考核制度連接起來(lái)；監(jiān)督與救濟(jì)方面，首先要將非強(qiáng)制行政納入到現(xiàn)有的監(jiān)督體制和救濟(jì)渠道之中，同時(shí)針對(duì)目前救濟(jì)與監(jiān)督制度中存在的不合理、不銜接部分進(jìn)行改革與完善。
[Abstract]:The traditional public administration and administrative law are based on the idea of separation of public and private and the opposite of public and private. The legalization of our country is built on the axis of the state, which leads to the nationalization of legal norms. In the design of legal logic, a kind of antagonistic subject relationship is constructed. The attributes of the narrow concept of administrative action, such as compulsion, unilateral and gratuitous, have not met the needs of administrative practice. Gradually questioned and reconsidered. Administrative guidance, administrative contracts, administrative awards, administrative mediation, etc., are based on mutual agreement and are not mandatory to the outside world. On the basis of studying and combing the research on non-compulsory administrative behavior by the scholars of administrative law in our country, this paper discusses its own views and suggestions. This paper can be divided into four parts, the specific contents are as follows:. The first part is an overview of the non-compulsory administrative act. In this part, the author first determines the context of the application of the non-mandatory administrative act, that is, what kind of administrative act theory to determine the concept of the non-mandatory administrative act. This paper discusses the concept, characteristics, constitution and legal effect of the non-compulsory administrative act in order to form a more reasonable and comprehensive impression of the non-compulsory administrative act. The second part is the value analysis of the non-compulsory administrative act. In this part, the author briefly discusses the promotion of the non-compulsory administrative act to the democratization of the administration, the transformation of the government function and the insufficiency of the compulsory administrative act. The function value of making up. The significance of the research on the non-compulsory administrative behavior is clear, and the direction of the public administration reform in our country is pointed out. The third part is the problems existing in the practice of non-compulsory administrative act. This part is mainly through investigating the practice situation of the non-compulsory administrative act in our country, and concludes the problems existing in the practice. It is necessary to regulate the non-compulsory administrative act. 4th legal regulation of some non-compulsory administrative acts. All kinds of non-compulsory administrative activities should be institutionalized. At present, there is still a great difficulty. The author can only briefly discuss the preliminary conception of its institutionalization. The characteristics of the non-compulsory administrative act itself determine that the legislative principle of the non-compulsory administrative act is strong. The author believes that the legal regulation of non-compulsory administrative acts should first follow the principles of administrative law; in the design of rules should pay attention to procedures rather than entities; the subject of legal responsibility has the characteristics of both parties. The responsibility type is diverse, the application situation is different and should pay attention to linking the responsibility setting with the civil servant's performance appraisal system; in the aspect of supervision and relief, the non-compulsory administration should be brought into the existing supervision system and relief channel, first of all, it is necessary to bring the non-compulsory administration into the existing supervision system and relief channels. At the same time, the current relief and supervision system exist unreasonable, unconnected part of the reform and improvement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.11

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