本文關(guān)鍵詞： 油污基金 海洋油污損害 基金征收 基金支出　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文旨在通過比較分析、實(shí)證分析和價(jià)值分析構(gòu)建我國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)海洋石油污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的海洋油污基金法律制度。該制度的構(gòu)建是一項(xiàng)跨學(xué)科的系統(tǒng)工程,因此,本文對(duì)該制度的完整構(gòu)建建立在對(duì)海商法、法理學(xué)、稅法、環(huán)境保護(hù)法、民法、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)諸學(xué)科進(jìn)行交叉研究的基礎(chǔ)之上。全文除引言和結(jié)論外,正文部分包括五章。第1章“海洋油污基金法律制度的產(chǎn)生及各國(guó)實(shí)踐”：在對(duì)國(guó)際和其他沿海國(guó)家應(yīng)對(duì)海洋油污損害的基金制度進(jìn)行歷史分析和比較分析的基礎(chǔ)之上,指出了油污基金制度產(chǎn)生的歷史根源、我國(guó)現(xiàn)行船舶油污損害賠償基金的不足,以及在我國(guó)建立海洋油污基金法律制度的意義。第2章“海洋油污基金法律制度的基本理論”：從一般意義上的基金入手,通過歸納演繹法分析海洋油污基金的概念、特征、法律性質(zhì)、資金來源、資金結(jié)構(gòu),并且采用價(jià)值分析法對(duì)海洋油污基金的法理基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行探究,指出該法律制度的正當(dāng)性、合理性。第3章“海洋油污基金信托管理模式探討”：將信托理論和海洋油污基金法律制度相結(jié)合,構(gòu)建海洋油污基金信托法律關(guān)系。指出了采用信托模式管理基金的三大優(yōu)勢(shì),并且詳細(xì)分析了在信托管理模式下各方當(dāng)事人所享有的互相牽制的權(quán)利。第4章“海洋油污基金的資金征收”：指出海洋油污基金的資金征收應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守法定原則、公平原則和效率原則；采用比較分析法論述海洋油污基金的征收對(duì)象和繳納義務(wù)人；通過大量的實(shí)證分析,以單位溢油成本為基礎(chǔ),經(jīng)過計(jì)算得出海洋油污基金應(yīng)有的溢油應(yīng)急能力,以及為了滿足該應(yīng)急能力而需要設(shè)置的基金征收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及征收限額。第5章“海洋油污基金的使用”：探討了海洋油污基金的使用范圍、支付條件、支付限額以及海洋油污基金的代位求償權(quán),意圖解決海洋油污基金針對(duì)何種費(fèi)用、何種損害予以支付,支付限額的確定應(yīng)考慮哪些影響因素,以及完成支付后海洋油污基金對(duì)責(zé)任人的追償問題。
[Abstract]:Through comparative analysis, empirical analysis and value analysis, the purpose of this paper is to establish the legal system of marine oil pollution fund in China to deal with the risk of marine oil pollution. The construction of this system is an interdisciplinary system engineering, therefore. In this paper, the complete construction of the system is based on the maritime law, jurisprudence, tax law, environmental protection, civil law, statistics, mathematics and other disciplines on the basis of cross-research. The text includes five chapters. Chapter 1, "the emergence of the legal regime of the Marine Oil pollution Fund and the practice of States":. Based on the historical and comparative analysis of the international and other coastal States' fund system for marine oil pollution damage. This paper points out the historical origin of the oil pollution fund system and the deficiency of the current compensation fund for oil pollution damage from ships in our country. And the significance of establishing the legal system of marine oil pollution fund in China. Chapter 2 "the basic theory of the legal system of ocean oil pollution fund": starting from the general meaning of the fund. Through inductive deductive analysis of the concept, characteristics, legal nature, sources of funds, capital structure, and the use of value analysis to explore the legal basis of marine oil pollution fund. The author points out the legitimacy and reasonableness of the legal system. Chapter 3 "discussion on Trust Management Mode of Marine Oil pollution Fund": combining trust theory with the legal system of offshore oil pollution fund. The paper points out the three advantages of using trust mode to manage the fund. And detailed analysis of the trust management model of the parties to the rights of mutual restraint. Chapter 4 "Ocean Oil pollution Fund of the collection of funds":. It is pointed out that the collection of funds of the offshore oil pollution fund should abide by the legal principles. Principle of equity and principle of efficiency; The object of collection and the payer of the offshore oil pollution fund are discussed by comparative analysis method. Through a large number of empirical analysis, based on unit oil spill cost, the oil spill emergency capacity of offshore oil pollution fund is calculated. In order to meet the need of the emergency capacity, the collection standard and the collection limit of the fund are established. Chapter 5, "the use of the Marine Oil pollution Fund": discusses the scope of use of the offshore oil pollution fund and the conditions for payment. The amount of payment and the subrogation claim of the marine oil pollution fund are intended to resolve what costs, what damage and what influence factors should be taken into account in determining the payment limit for the marine oil pollution fund. And after the completion of the payment of marine oil pollution fund to the responsible person of the issue of recovery.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：D922.68
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本文編號(hào)：1466359