發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-07 13:29

  本文選題：正當(dāng)防衛(wèi) + 防衛(wèi)意圖�。� 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)制度在世界各國(guó)的刑事立法、司法和刑法理論中都有重要的地位,并且是各國(guó)刑法理論和司法實(shí)踐中爭(zhēng)論的熱點(diǎn)。在現(xiàn)代社會(huì),公民自身防衛(wèi)的權(quán)限與既存的法秩序之間的緊張與沖突的解決關(guān)系到正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)制度的現(xiàn)代價(jià)值體系、立法安排與公民對(duì)刑法制度忠誠(chéng)信仰的確立。正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)是行為人對(duì)不法行為的反擊,盡管客觀上會(huì)造成不法侵害人一定的損害,但由于其行為具有正當(dāng)性,所以不構(gòu)成犯罪,屬于一種典型的排除犯罪的事由。而正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)的正當(dāng)性不僅表現(xiàn)在客觀上對(duì)不法侵害的制止,學(xué)界一般還從行為人的主觀方面,尋求正當(dāng)性的根據(jù)。而對(duì)防衛(wèi)人主觀內(nèi)容的不同要求,則直接影響到正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)成立與否。 本文除緒論部分外,共分為四個(gè)部分,圍繞正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)制度這一中心逐級(jí)展開論述。 第一部分針對(duì)正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)以及正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)主觀要件的基本含義和內(nèi)容做了較為細(xì)致的闡述,正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)的主觀要件即防衛(wèi)意圖包括兩個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容：防衛(wèi)認(rèn)識(shí)和防衛(wèi)目的。并對(duì)防衛(wèi)認(rèn)識(shí)和防衛(wèi)目的的具體概念以及學(xué)術(shù)界不同的定義做了較為仔細(xì)的陳述。 第二部分是正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)主觀要件的理論之爭(zhēng),文章主要列舉了德日刑法學(xué)界的觀點(diǎn)和我國(guó)刑法理論對(duì)于這一問(wèn)題的態(tài)度和爭(zhēng)議,其中,德日刑法理論主要有防衛(wèi)意圖不要說(shuō)和防衛(wèi)意圖必要說(shuō)之爭(zhēng),而在我國(guó),防衛(wèi)意圖必要說(shuō)一直是通說(shuō)的觀點(diǎn),近年來(lái),防衛(wèi)意圖不要說(shuō)的觀點(diǎn)在崛起。 第三部分論述了正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)主觀要件應(yīng)當(dāng)怎樣確定,對(duì)于防衛(wèi)意圖必要說(shuō),我們持否定態(tài)度,因?yàn)樵搶W(xué)說(shuō)不僅違法了立法的目的,不利于保護(hù)公民合法的權(quán)益,而且防衛(wèi)意圖必要說(shuō)的論證也是值得商榷的。與此同時(shí),提出了防衛(wèi)認(rèn)識(shí)必要說(shuō),提倡應(yīng)當(dāng)放寬對(duì)防衛(wèi)意圖內(nèi)容上的限制。 第四部分論述了與正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)主觀要件相關(guān)的具體問(wèn)題,主要包括對(duì)相互斗毆、防衛(wèi)挑撥、偶然防衛(wèi)的性質(zhì)認(rèn)定和爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:The system of justifiable defense plays an important role in the criminal legislation, judicature and theory of criminal law all over the world, and it is a hot point in the theory and practice of criminal law. In modern society, the tension and conflict between the civil defense authority and the existing legal order are related to the modern value system of the legitimate defense system, the legislative arrangement and the establishment of citizens' faithful belief in the criminal law system. Legitimate defense is the counterattack of the perpetrator to the illegal act. Although objectively it will cause certain damage to the illegal aggressor, but because its behavior has the legitimacy, therefore does not constitute the crime, belongs to one kind of typical exclusion crime matter reason. The legitimacy of legitimate defense is not only reflected in the objective suppression of illegal infringement, but also from the subjective aspects of the actor, seeking the basis of legitimacy. But the different request to the defense person subjective content, then directly affects the justifiable defense to establish or not. In addition to the introduction, this paper is divided into four parts, focusing on the system of justifiable defense. The first part elaborates the basic meaning and content of justifiable defense and the subjective elements of legitimate defense. The subjective elements of justifiable defense include two aspects: the understanding of defense and the purpose of defense. And the specific concepts of defense understanding, defense purpose and different definitions in academic circles are described in detail. The second part is the theoretical argument of the subjective elements of legitimate defense. The article mainly lists the views of Germany and Japan criminal law circles and the attitude and controversy of our criminal law theory on this issue, among which, The theory of criminal law in Germany and Japan mainly argues that the defense intention should not be said and the defense intention must be said. In our country, the defense intention necessity theory has always been the general view. In recent years, the defense intention not to say point of view is on the rise. The third part discusses how the subjective elements of legitimate defense should be determined. We hold a negative attitude to the necessity of defense intention, because the doctrine not only violates the legislative purpose, but also is not conducive to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of citizens. Moreover, the argument that defense intention must be said is also debatable. At the same time, the author puts forward the necessity of defense understanding and advocates that the restrictions on the content of defense intention should be relaxed. The fourth part discusses the specific issues related to the subjective elements of legitimate defense, including the fight, defense, accidental nature of defense and the focus of controversy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D914

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 張明楷;;德、日刑法中的正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)[J];中南政法學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);1993年01期

2 黎宏;;論正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)的主觀條件[J];法商研究;2007年02期

3 王曉云,胡利敏;正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)的有關(guān)問(wèn)題再研究[J];石家莊師范�？茖W(xué)校學(xué)報(bào);2004年01期

4 張明楷;;論偶然防衛(wèi)[J];清華法學(xué);2012年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2105108