本文選題：精神病 + 強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療�。� 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：相較于健康人群而言，精神病人可謂是弱勢(shì)群體，，這一群體的權(quán)益相較于健康人而言更容易受到侵害，且他們當(dāng)中很大一部分人不知、不能救濟(jì)自己的權(quán)益，因此對(duì)其權(quán)益更應(yīng)進(jìn)行關(guān)注，必要時(shí)動(dòng)用刑法保障其權(quán)益。在實(shí)踐中嚴(yán)重侵害精神病人權(quán)利的不法行為確實(shí)存在，然而不論是在立法中還是在司法中對(duì)此類行為處置力度都不足，且我國學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)此類行為的探討也較少。應(yīng)在刑事立法、司法中對(duì)精神病人增大關(guān)注以實(shí)現(xiàn)公正。 本文全文除引言外，共分為六個(gè)部分，共計(jì)三萬余字： 第一部分，強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中不法行為的基本界定，對(duì)精神病人、強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療的概念進(jìn)行探討并對(duì)強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中的不法行為進(jìn)行界定。 第二部分，考察強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療的不法行為法律處置的現(xiàn)狀及困境，在實(shí)踐中，強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中的嚴(yán)重不法行為并不少見，然而行為人被追究刑事責(zé)任的卻寥寥無幾，在強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中用司法手段維權(quán)面臨較大的困境。因此有必要對(duì)此類行為的刑法規(guī)制進(jìn)行研究。 第三部分，強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中不法行為可能表現(xiàn)為親屬、單位、行政機(jī)關(guān)、司法機(jī)關(guān)、醫(yī)療人員等多種行為人及多種行為方式。我將不法行為的行為方式分為非法送醫(yī)、非法治療、遺棄精神病人三類進(jìn)行分析，其中在非法治療行為中又分為了非法限制精神病人人身自由、非法實(shí)施醫(yī)療措施、侮辱、虐待精神病人、非法行醫(yī)這四種具體的行為。這部分通過分析不法行為行為方式為下文分析不法行為的刑法規(guī)制奠定基礎(chǔ)。 第四部分，刑法是規(guī)定犯罪與刑罰的法律，只有嚴(yán)重侵犯刑法所保護(hù)法益的行為方被認(rèn)為是犯罪，在界定刑事立法及實(shí)踐中罪與非罪的邊界時(shí)應(yīng)考慮罪刑法定原則、法益保護(hù)原則、謙抑性原則等。此外在界定強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中不法行為的刑罰限度時(shí)應(yīng)符合罪刑均衡的要求，同時(shí)需考慮親屬犯罪及業(yè)務(wù)犯罪的刑事責(zé)任等問題。 第五部分，精神病人享有其他公民所享有的權(quán)利，其人身及財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利都受到我國法律保護(hù)。在強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中其生命健康權(quán)利、人身自由權(quán)利、名譽(yù)權(quán)利等合法權(quán)利被嚴(yán)重侵害時(shí)，需要適應(yīng)我國刑法對(duì)這些行為進(jìn)行規(guī)制，主要可適應(yīng)的罪名有虐待罪、虐待被監(jiān)管人罪、故意傷害（殺人）罪、醫(yī)療事故罪、遺棄罪、非法拘禁罪、非法行醫(yī)罪，然而在有些罪名的適用中存在著一些問題。 第六部分，根據(jù)上文所述的困境分析強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中不法行為刑法規(guī)制的完善方法，探討將嚴(yán)重不法行為犯罪化的理論根據(jù)，并探討將強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中不法行為立法及司法犯罪化的具體舉措。鑒于現(xiàn)行的立法在對(duì)強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療中不法行為的規(guī)制方面有不足之處，文章這部分提出對(duì)虐待罪、虐待被監(jiān)管人罪、醫(yī)療事故罪、非法拘禁罪、遺棄罪這幾種罪名的立法構(gòu)想。
[Abstract]:Compared to healthy people, mental patients are a vulnerable group, whose rights and interests are more vulnerable than healthy people, and a large proportion of them do not know that they cannot help their own rights and interests. Therefore, we should pay more attention to their rights and interests, and use criminal law to protect their rights and interests if necessary. In practice, serious violations of the rights of mental patients do exist, but in the legislation or in the judiciary to deal with such acts are inadequate, and the academic community of our country to this kind of behavior is less discussed. We should pay more attention to mental patients in criminal legislation and judicature in order to realize justice. In addition to the introduction, this paper is divided into six parts, a total of more than 30,000 words: The first part, the basic definition of illegal behavior in compulsory medical treatment, discusses the concept of mental patient and compulsory medical treatment, and defines the illegal behavior in compulsory medical treatment. In the second part, the current situation and predicament of the legal treatment of illegal acts of compulsory medical treatment are investigated. In practice, serious illegal acts in compulsory medical treatment are not uncommon, but the perpetrators are rarely investigated for criminal responsibility. In the compulsory medical treatment with judicial means to protect the rights facing a greater dilemma. Therefore, it is necessary to study the criminal law regulation of this kind of behavior. In the third part, the illegal behavior in compulsory medical treatment may be manifested as relatives, units, administrative organs, judicial organs, medical personnel, and so on. I have classified illegal behavior into three categories: illegal medical treatment, illegal treatment, and abandonment of mental patients. Among them, illegal treatment is divided into illegal restrictions on the personal freedom of mental patients, illegal medical measures, and insults. Mistreatment of mental patients, illegal practice of these four specific acts. This part lays a foundation for the following analysis of criminal law regulation of illegal act by analyzing the mode of illegal act. The fourth part, the criminal law is the law which prescribes the crime and the penalty, only the serious violation of the interests of the criminal law is considered as the crime. In defining the boundary between the crime and the non-crime in criminal legislation and practice, the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime should be taken into account. The principle of legal interest protection, the principle of modesty, etc. In addition, when defining the penalty limit of illegal act in compulsory medical treatment, we should accord with the requirement of balance between crime and punishment, and should consider the criminal responsibility of relative crime and professional crime at the same time. The fifth part, the mental patients enjoy the rights enjoyed by other citizens, their personal and property rights are protected by the law of our country. When the rights of life and health, personal liberty, reputation and other legal rights are seriously infringed in compulsory medical treatment, it is necessary to adapt to the criminal law of our country to regulate these acts. The main adaptable charges are the crime of abuse, the crime of mistreatment of the person under supervision. Intentional injury (homicide), medical malpractice, abandonment, illegal detention, illegal practice of medicine, but there are some problems in the application of some charges. The sixth part, according to the predicament mentioned above, analyzes the perfect method of the criminal law regulation of illegal act in compulsory medical treatment, and discusses the theoretical basis of criminalizing the serious illegal act. It also discusses the specific measures to legislate and criminalize the illegal behavior in compulsory medical treatment. In view of the shortcomings of the current legislation in regulating illegal acts in compulsory medical treatment, this part of the article puts forward the legislative conception of the crime of maltreatment, the crime of mistreatment of persons under supervision, the crime of medical malpractice, the crime of illegal detention and the crime of abandonment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

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