本文選題：提單 + 貨物　； 參考：《上海海事大學》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：提單的物權性問題在國內海商法學界歷來富于爭議(注：本文討論的提單主要指指示提單和空白提單)，針對提單能否代表其項下貨物的物權，學者們提出了“肯定說”和“否定說”。 就“否定說”而言，由于它把提單權利全部歸結為債權屬性，故此說無法圓滿的解釋提單在貿(mào)易環(huán)節(jié)所具有的一些功能，比如提單的擬制交付和推定占有效力、通過提單可以向銀行取得信用等。所以筆者認為提單物權性的“肯定說”更具合理性，而且提單所代表的物權應該是占有權。因為把提單的物權性定性為占有權能比較好的解釋提單的物權性問題，更好的反映了提單貿(mào)易領域應用中的實際情況。 認定提單是占有權憑證，其目的并非在割裂提單與貨物的所有權之間的聯(lián)系。相反的，在明確提單物權是占有權的基礎上，才能將提單物權置入具體的法律背景中，以明了提單在普通法抑或在大陸法下提單物權與提單項下貨物的所有權有著哪些區(qū)別與聯(lián)系，分析提單法律行為與貨物的所有權轉移存在什么樣的相互作用。 在英國法下，貨物所有權的轉移以當事人的合意為生效要件。所以買賣當事人之間，提單項下貨物的所有權在當事人意圖轉移的時候才由賣方轉移至買方，買方不能僅以其受讓提單來主張其享有貨物的所有權。此時提單表彰的占有權與貨物所有權轉移的關系并不密切。但提單項下的貨物往往在裝船后至到達目的港前已被多次轉讓，而這些轉讓都是通過提單來進行的，買受人往往無法判斷出讓人對提單項下貨物是否具有完好的所有權。為了鼓勵交易加速流通，英國的1979年《貨物買賣法》、《1889年代理法》以及一系列相關的判例都強調了提單所表彰的對其項下貨物的占有權的意義，規(guī)定了多種情形，使得善意受讓提單的貨物買受人可以通過提單所表彰的占有權得到貨物完好的所有權。在這種情況下，提單占有權對貨物所有權轉移的效力就被體現(xiàn)出來。 在大陸法系下，提單所表彰的占有權與貨物所有權轉移的關系主要體現(xiàn)在兩個方面。一是交付，即通過轉讓提單將提單表彰的對貨物的占有權轉讓給買受人，，在提單貨物的買賣中，交付提單就等同于交付貨物；二是占有，占有提單等同于占有貨物，相關當事人得主張占有的推定力與公信力。從交付來講，在采用動產(chǎn)所有權轉讓意思
[Abstract]:The property right of bill of lading has always been controversial in the field of maritime law. (note: the bill of lading discussed in this paper mainly refers to the bill of lading and blank bill of lading, as to whether the bill of lading can represent the real right of the goods under the bill of lading. Scholars have put forward "affirmation theory" and "negation theory". As far as "negation theory" is concerned, because it ascribes the rights of bill of lading to the attribute of creditor's rights, it can not satisfactorily explain some functions of bill of lading in the trade link. For example, the bill of lading can obtain credit from the bank by making delivery and presumptive possession of the bill of lading. Therefore, the author thinks that the affirmation of bill of lading is more reasonable, and the real right represented by bill of lading should be the right of possession. Because the property right of bill of lading is defined as possession power to explain the property right of bill of lading, it better reflects the actual situation in the application of bill of lading in the field of bill of lading. Its purpose is not to separate the link between the bill of lading and the ownership of the goods. On the contrary, on the basis of making clear that the real right of bill of lading is the right of possession, the real right of bill of lading can be put into the specific legal background. In order to understand the differences and connections between the title of the bill of lading and the goods under the bill of lading under the common law or the continental law, This paper analyzes the interaction between the legal act of bill of lading and the transfer of ownership of goods. Under English law, the transfer of ownership of goods takes the consent of the parties as the effective condition. Therefore, between the buyers and sellers, the ownership of the goods under the bill of lading is transferred from the seller to the buyer only when the parties intend to transfer, and the buyer cannot claim the ownership of the goods solely on the basis of the bill of lading assigned to him. At this time, the recognition of the possession of the bill of lading and the transfer of ownership of goods is not closely related. However, the goods under the bill of lading are often transferred many times after shipment to the port of destination, and these transfers are carried out through the bill of lading, and the buyer is often unable to determine whether the goods under the bill of lading have good ownership. In order to encourage the accelerated circulation of transactions, the British Sale of goods Act 1979, the rational Law of the 1889's and a series of relevant jurisprudence all emphasize the significance of possession of the goods under its heading as recognized by bills of lading, and provide for a variety of circumstances. So that good-faith bill of lading buyer of goods through the bill of lading recognition of possession to obtain good ownership of the goods. In this case, the effect of possession of bill of lading on the transfer of ownership of goods is reflected. In the civil law system, the relationship between the right of possession recognized by bill of lading and the transfer of ownership of goods is mainly reflected in two aspects. One is delivery, that is, the right of possession of the goods recognized by the bill of lading is transferred to the buyer through the transfer of the bill of lading. In the transaction of the bill of lading, the delivery of the bill of lading is equivalent to the delivery of the goods; second, possession of the bill of lading is equivalent to possession of the goods, The presumption and credibility of Zhang's possession. In the case of delivery, the transfer of title to movable property
【學位授予單位】：上海海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：D912.29

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 王胤;論從期待權維度對我國提單物權基本制度的構建[D];大連海事大學;2011年

本文編號：1994903