發(fā)布時間：2018-03-09 09:33

  本文選題：英美法系　切入點：發(fā)起人　出處：《對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2003年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 公司發(fā)起人在公司成立前為公司利益與第三人簽訂合同是不可避免的，發(fā)起人對這 類合同的責(zé)任制度的構(gòu)建體現(xiàn)著公共利益的需要，必須給予充分關(guān)注。我國公司設(shè)立 的一些特殊規(guī)定導(dǎo)致發(fā)起人在公司成立前締約的必要性比英美法系國家更為突出，糾 紛也更多，相關(guān)法律、法規(guī)卻存在很多疏漏，給司法實踐帶來很大困擾。為給我國公 司立法和司法實踐提供借鑒，本文從簽訂公司成立前合同的必要性和關(guān)注此類合同的 重要性、發(fā)起人對公司成立前合同的責(zé)任性質(zhì)、適用場合、歸責(zé)原則、合同相對方可 獲得的救濟、發(fā)起人免責(zé)事由以及規(guī)避責(zé)任的方法等層面，就英美法系國家發(fā)起人對 公司成立前合同的責(zé)任制度進行了全面系統(tǒng)的理論分析和判例研究，并針對我國現(xiàn)行 法律、法規(guī)和司法實踐的現(xiàn)狀和缺陷提出了完善我國發(fā)起人合同責(zé)任制度的建議，即： 借鑒英美公司立法和我國法學(xué)家的觀點將成立前合同視為發(fā)起人個人合同，并賦予公 司接受合同的選擇權(quán)；賦予法院特定情況下的合同責(zé)任裁量權(quán)；允許發(fā)起人約定免責(zé)； 規(guī)定發(fā)起人因在公司成立前締約而產(chǎn)生的合同責(zé)任和過失侵權(quán)責(zé)任為連帶責(zé)任，故意 侵權(quán)責(zé)任則非連帶責(zé)任；在公司設(shè)立無效或因設(shè)立瑕疵而導(dǎo)致公司法人資格被撤銷的 情況下，由發(fā)起人對合同承擔(dān)連帶責(zé)任；在公司拒絕接受成立前合同的情況下，允許 發(fā)起人請求法院裁定公司拒絕行為的正當(dāng)性；統(tǒng)一對承擔(dān)有限責(zé)任公司和股份有限公 司設(shè)立事務(wù)之人的稱謂，統(tǒng)一這兩類公司的發(fā)起人合同責(zé)任制度。 公司發(fā)起人對公司成立前合同的責(zé)任問題是公司設(shè)立過程中一個至關(guān)重要的問題， 也是實踐中引發(fā)很多糾紛的問題，不僅關(guān)系到商事經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展與繁榮，，還涉及交易安 全和第三人利益的保護。因此，英美法系國家對這個問題給予了充分的重視，不僅有 為大量經(jīng)典判例確立的普通法規(guī)則，還通過制定成文法修正了普通法規(guī)則之不足，公 司法、商法專著中也往往設(shè)專門章節(jié)對這個問題進行探討。英美法系公司立法構(gòu)建的 發(fā)起人合同責(zé)任制度在充分保護第三人利益的前提下，較好地平衡了公司、發(fā)起人和 第三人的利益，既有利于維護交易安全，又確保了商事交易的效率。 相形之下，我國公司發(fā)起人對公司成立前合同的責(zé)任制度的構(gòu)建尚處于初級階段， 這不僅表現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)行立法存在很多疏漏，如對有限責(zé)任公司發(fā)起人合同責(zé)任的規(guī)定仍是 空白，對股份有限公司發(fā)起人合同責(zé)任的規(guī)定也僅限于公司不能成立的情形，而且表 現(xiàn)在相關(guān)理論研究也很少有人涉足，公司法論著、論文往往對發(fā)起人合同責(zé)任問題一 筆帶過，尚無人對英美法系和大陸法系發(fā)起人合同責(zé)任制度進行深入系統(tǒng)的理論分析
[Abstract]:It is inevitable that a company promoter signed a contract with third people for the benefit of the company before the establishment of the company.
The construction of the responsibility system of the type of contract embodies the needs of the public interest and must give full attention.
Some special regulations lead to the necessity of the initiators to contract before the establishment of the company, which is more prominent than the common law countries.
More and more, there are many omissions in the relevant laws and regulations, which have brought great trouble to the judicial practice.
As a reference to the legislation and judicial practice of the company, the necessity of signing the contract before the establishment of the company and the concern of such contracts
The nature of the liability of the initiator of the contract before the establishment of the company, the application, the principle of liability, the relative parties of the contract.
The relief, the disclaimer of the initiator and the way to avoid the responsibility are the sponsors of the Anglo American legal system.
The liability system of the contract before the establishment of the company has been carried out in a comprehensive and systematic theoretical analysis and case study.
The current status and defects of laws, regulations and judicial practice put forward suggestions to improve the system of contract liability for the initiators of our country, namely:
Referring to the legislation of Anglo American companies and the views of the jurists of our country, the former contract is regarded as the personal contract of the initiator and is given to the public.
The company accepts the option of the contract; gives the court the discretion of the contract under the specific circumstances of the court; allows the sponsor to agree to disclaimer;
The liability of the initiator for the contractual liability and the liability for negligence infringement arising from the contracting of the company before the establishment of the company is jointly and severally liable.
The liability of tort is not joint liability; the company's legal person's qualification is revoked by the establishment of an invalid company or a defect in the establishment of the company.
In the case, the sponsor assumes joint and several liability to the contract; in the case of the company refusing to accept the pre - establishment contract, it is allowed
The initiator requests the court to adjudication of the company's refusal; unity is to bear the limited liability company and the limited shares.
The division sets up the title of the person of the affairs, and unify the contract liability system of the sponsors of the two types of companies.
The issue of the liability of a company sponsor to the contract before the establishment of a company is a crucial issue in the process of establishing a company.
It is also a problem that causes many disputes in practice, which is not only related to the development and prosperity of the commercial economy, but also to the transaction security.
The protection of the interests of the whole and the third people. Therefore, the Anglo American law countries have given full attention to the problem, not only
The common law rules established for a large number of classical jurisprudence also amended the shortcomings of the common law rules by the formulation of the grammatical law.
There are also special chapters in the monographs of the commercial law. The legislation of the Anglo American law company is constructed.
Under the premise of fully protecting the interests of the third party, the system of contractual liability of the sponsor has well balanced the company, the sponsor and the company.
The interests of the third people are not only conducive to the maintenance of transaction security, but also the efficiency of business transactions.
In contrast, the establishment of the responsibility system for the contract of the company before the establishment of the company is still in the primary stage.
It is not only shown that there are many omissions in current legislation, such as the stipulations on the contractual liability of the initiator of the limited liability company.
In blank, the stipulations on the contractual liability of the Limited by Share Ltd promoter are limited to the circumstances that the company can not establish, and the statement is also made.
There are few people involved in the study of the relevant theories, the works of the company law, and the thesis on the contract liability of the sponsor.
No one has made a thorough and systematic theoretical analysis on the contract liability system of the initiators of the Anglo American law and the continental law system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號】：D912.29

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 黃海榮;美國公司發(fā)起人制度研究[D];山東大學(xué);2007年

2 趙利梅;公司發(fā)起人民事責(zé)任制度研究[D];河南大學(xué);2008年

本文編號：1587959