本文選題：刑事法律　切入點(diǎn)：推定　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：法律推定是法律或法官?gòu)囊阎聦?shí)推論未知事實(shí)所得出的結(jié)論。刑事法律推定是指在刑事訴訟過(guò)程中，司法人員在無(wú)反證的前提下，根據(jù)事實(shí)之間的常態(tài)聯(lián)系，以某一已查明的刑事法律事實(shí)推斷另一難以證明的刑事法律事實(shí)存在、不存在或其相關(guān)狀態(tài)。我國(guó)僅在民商法中對(duì)法律推定有所規(guī)定，而在刑事法律中未明確出現(xiàn)“推定”一詞，但刑事理論界對(duì)刑事法律推定已持認(rèn)可態(tài)度。本文試圖通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)外英美法系和大陸法系法學(xué)有關(guān)刑事法律推定的理論進(jìn)行歸納分析，對(duì)法律推定和刑事法律推定一般原理(概念、特征、分類和存在依據(jù)等)的闡述，以刑事法律推定為視角，，遵循刑事一體化的思想，從刑事立法和刑事司法兩個(gè)角度，探討我國(guó)刑事法律中關(guān)于法律推定的一般原理、具體體現(xiàn)和刑事法律推定原則，希望能為我國(guó)刑事法律推定制度的建立完善提供一些參考和借鑒。 本文除引言和結(jié)束語(yǔ)外，正文共分為四部分： 第一部分 法律推定與刑事法律推定的一般原理。第一部分正文從推定、法律推定含義入手，結(jié)合法律推定的分類、基礎(chǔ)和依據(jù)，引導(dǎo)出刑事法律推定的一般原理及其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。在刑事法律推定的一般原理中，筆者界定了刑事法律推定的含義，歸納總結(jié)刑事法律推定的特征，并對(duì)刑事法律推定作了立法和司法上的狹義的分類；通過(guò)刑事法律推定一般原理的闡述，著重論述了刑事法律推定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，圍繞刑事法律推定具有縮短刑事實(shí)體法和刑事程序法之間距離的功用，實(shí)現(xiàn)法律公正與社會(huì)功利的結(jié)合，體現(xiàn)刑法對(duì)社會(huì)保護(hù)和人權(quán)保障兩種價(jià)值取向的統(tǒng)一三方面來(lái)論證刑事法律推定有存在和發(fā)展的必要。 第二部分 刑事立法上的法律推定。這一部分筆者通過(guò)介紹英美法系和大陸法系刑事立法上的法律推定，重點(diǎn)闡明我國(guó)刑事立法上的法律推定。無(wú)論我們承認(rèn)與否，法律推定在我國(guó)刑事立法中確確實(shí)實(shí)存在，筆者主要圍繞犯罪主觀要件、公職人員貪污賄賂犯罪、持有型犯罪和自然人精神正常、違法性和可罰性阻卻事由等五個(gè)方面來(lái)論證刑事法律推定在我國(guó)刑事立法中的存在和體現(xiàn)。 第三部分 刑事司法實(shí)踐中的法律推定。由于刑事實(shí)體法最終要通過(guò)刑事程序法得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，因此部分與程序法結(jié)合緊密的實(shí)體法規(guī)定的內(nèi)容和程序法的法律推定要通過(guò)司法實(shí)踐才能體現(xiàn)，這一部分筆者主要圍繞刑法因果關(guān)系、犯罪主體
[Abstract]:The presumption of law is the conclusion that the law or the judge infer the unknown facts from known facts. Criminal legal presumption refers to the normal relationship between the facts under the premise of no contrary proof in the course of criminal proceedings. Infer from an established criminal legal fact that another criminal legal fact is difficult to prove, does not exist or is related to it... our country only provides for legal presumption in civil and commercial law, However, there is no explicit word "presumption" in criminal law, but the criminal theorists have accepted the presumption of criminal law. This paper attempts to sum up and analyze the theory of presumption of criminal law in Anglo-American law system and civil law system. The general principles of legal presumption and criminal legal presumption (concept, characteristics, classification and basis of existence, etc.) are expounded, from the angle of view of criminal legal presumption, following the idea of criminal integration, from the two angles of criminal legislation and criminal justice. This paper probes into the general principle of presumption of law in criminal law of our country, concretely embodies the principle of presumption of criminal law, and hopes to provide some references and references for the establishment and perfection of the system of presumption of criminal law in our country. In addition to the introduction and concluding remarks, the text is divided into four parts:. The first part is the general principle of the presumption of law and the presumption of criminal law. The first part begins with the presumption, the meaning of the presumption of law, and the classification, basis and basis of the presumption of law. In the general principle of the presumption of criminal law, the author defines the meaning of the presumption of criminal law, summarizes the characteristics of the presumption of criminal law. The author also classifies the presumption of criminal law in the narrow sense of legislation and judicature, expounds the general principle of the presumption of criminal law, and emphasizes on the practical significance of the presumption of criminal law. The presumption of criminal law has the function of shortening the distance between the criminal substantive law and the criminal procedure law, and realizes the combination of legal justice and social utility. It is necessary to demonstrate the existence and development of the presumption of criminal law from three aspects: the unity of social protection and human rights protection in criminal law. The second part is the presumption of law in criminal legislation. In this part, the author introduces the presumption of law in criminal legislation of common law system and civil law system, and clarifies the presumption of law in criminal legislation of our country. Whether we admit it or not, The presumption of law does exist in the criminal legislation of our country. The author mainly revolves around the subjective elements of crime, the crime of embezzlement and bribery of public officials, the crime of possession and the normal spirit of natural person. This paper discusses the existence and embodiment of presumption of criminal law in criminal legislation. The third part is the presumption of law in the practice of criminal justice. Therefore, the content of the substantive law and the legal presumption of the procedural law must be reflected through judicial practice. This part of the author mainly revolves around the criminal law causality, the subject of the crime.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號(hào)：1587576