本文關(guān)鍵詞： 法律保險(xiǎn)利益 保險(xiǎn)利益轉(zhuǎn)移 保險(xiǎn)合同轉(zhuǎn)讓 經(jīng)濟(jì)保險(xiǎn)利益　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：保險(xiǎn)利益是保險(xiǎn)合同法上特有的概念,保險(xiǎn)利益原則一般被認(rèn)為是保險(xiǎn)合同特有的基本原則之一。海上貨物保險(xiǎn)中,保險(xiǎn)事故發(fā)生時(shí)被保險(xiǎn)人對(duì)保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的應(yīng)當(dāng)具有保險(xiǎn)利益,否則保險(xiǎn)合同無效。根據(jù)英國(guó)判例法和MIA1906,保險(xiǎn)利益必須是法律上的保險(xiǎn)利益,這一原則和制度被大多數(shù)國(guó)家所接受。然而,法律上保險(xiǎn)利益具有相當(dāng)?shù)木窒扌?特別給FOB.CFR等買賣中的貨物保險(xiǎn)帶來了很大的困擾。有鑒于此,人們做了擺脫困境的種種嘗試,并最終轉(zhuǎn)向經(jīng)濟(jì)保險(xiǎn)利益。本文通過對(duì)保險(xiǎn)利益理論的歷史發(fā)展及橫向比較研究,論證了海上貨物保險(xiǎn)中取消保險(xiǎn)利益或者修改保險(xiǎn)利益原則的必要性。 第一部分通過對(duì)兩大法系保險(xiǎn)利益學(xué)說的回顧,概括引入當(dāng)今保險(xiǎn)利益的兩種主流學(xué)說——法定利益說學(xué)說和經(jīng)濟(jì)性保險(xiǎn)利益學(xué)說。 第二部分,從國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)保險(xiǎn)利益的不同立法規(guī)定入手,總結(jié)出兩種保險(xiǎn)利益立法模式——法律保險(xiǎn)利益和經(jīng)濟(jì)保險(xiǎn)利益,指出我國(guó)立法規(guī)定是參考了MIA1906的傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn),但在表述上更為籠統(tǒng),特別是在這種立法模式下,保險(xiǎn)人常會(huì)以“保險(xiǎn)人有無保險(xiǎn)利益”為由進(jìn)行技術(shù)性抗辯拒賠,損害了被保險(xiǎn)人的利益,為此,國(guó)際上趨于對(duì)保險(xiǎn)利益進(jìn)行廣泛靈活的詮釋——確立經(jīng)濟(jì)保險(xiǎn)利益原則。本部分還結(jié)合新《保險(xiǎn)法》的修改,提出筆者的看法；并對(duì)相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行辨析,為后文論述打下基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分闡述了海上貨物運(yùn)輸保險(xiǎn)利益的轉(zhuǎn)移。首先論述了確立以風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的必要性；接著結(jié)合MIA1906論述了保險(xiǎn)利益轉(zhuǎn)移對(duì)保險(xiǎn)合同的影響；最后,對(duì)比MIA1906的相關(guān)規(guī)定,對(duì)我國(guó)《保險(xiǎn)法》第49條的用語(yǔ)進(jìn)行反思,提出自己的看法和修改建議。 第四部分在第三部分的基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)論述了在CIF.FOB及CFR貿(mào)易條件下保險(xiǎn)利益轉(zhuǎn)移的相關(guān)問題,指出實(shí)踐中嚴(yán)格的法律保險(xiǎn)利益所帶來的困擾,限制了保險(xiǎn)功能的發(fā)揮,保險(xiǎn)利益范圍必須拓展。 第五部分論述了中途停運(yùn)中保險(xiǎn)利益的歸屬問題,即保險(xiǎn)利益的歸屬——仍應(yīng)以與保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的之間的經(jīng)濟(jì)利害關(guān)系為依據(jù)來確定。 第六部分論述了當(dāng)今國(guó)際保險(xiǎn)利益的兩種發(fā)展趨勢(shì)：建立經(jīng)濟(jì)保險(xiǎn)利益原則和取消保險(xiǎn)利益原則。 結(jié)論部分總結(jié)全文,提出筆者主張——建立經(jīng)濟(jì)保險(xiǎn)利益原則,并論證了取消保險(xiǎn)利益原則和建立經(jīng)濟(jì)保險(xiǎn)利益原則具有內(nèi)在的統(tǒng)一性。
[Abstract]:Insurance interest is a unique concept in insurance contract law, and the principle of insurance interest is generally regarded as one of the basic principles peculiar to insurance contract. Otherwise, the insurance contract is invalid. According to British case law and MIA 1906, the insurance interest must be a legal insurance interest. This principle and system is accepted by most countries. However, the legal insurance interest has considerable limitations. In view of this, people have made all kinds of attempts to get rid of the predicament, and finally turned to the economic insurance benefits. This paper, through the historical development and horizontal comparative study of the theory of insurance interests, has brought a great deal of trouble to the goods insurance in the sale and purchase of FOB.CFR and so on. The necessity of canceling insurable interest or modifying the principle of insurable interest in marine cargo insurance is demonstrated. In the first part, by reviewing the theory of insurance interest in two legal systems, the author generalizes the two mainstream theories of insurance interest, namely, legal interest theory and economic insurance interest theory. The second part, starting with the different legislative provisions of insurance interests at home and abroad, summarizes two kinds of legislative models of insurance interests-legal insurance interests and economic insurance interests, and points out that the legislative provisions of our country refer to the traditional views of MIA1906. But it is more general in expression, especially in this kind of legislation mode, the insurer often takes "the insurer has the insurable interest" to carry on the technical defense to refuse the claim, has harmed the insurant's benefit, therefore, The international interpretation of insurance benefits tends to be broad and flexible-to establish the principle of economic insurance interests. This part also combines with the revision of the new Insurance Law, puts forward the author's views, and discriminates and analyzes the relevant concepts, laying a foundation for the later discussion. The third part expounds the transfer of the insurance benefits of marine cargo carriage. Firstly, it discusses the necessity of establishing the standard of risk transfer; then, combined with MIA1906, it discusses the influence of the transfer of insurance benefits on insurance contract; finally, it compares the relevant provisions of MIA1906. This paper reflects on the terms of Article 49 of the Insurance Law of our country, and puts forward its own views and suggestions for amendment. On the basis of the third part, the 4th part focuses on the problems related to the transfer of insurance benefits under the trade conditions of CIF.FOB and CFR, and points out that strict legal interests of insurance bring difficulties in practice and limit the function of insurance. The scope of insurance interests must be expanded. Part 5th discusses the attribution of insurance interests in stoppage, that is, the attribution of insurance interests should still be determined on the basis of the economic interest between them and the subject matter of insurance. Part 6th discusses two development trends of international insurance interest: establishing the principle of economic insurance interest and abolishing the principle of insurance interest. In the conclusion part, the author puts forward that the principle of economic insurance benefit should be established, and demonstrates the inherent unity of canceling the principle of insurance interest and establishing the principle of economic insurance interest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D922.284

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本文編號(hào)：1539315