Shall（not）在法律英語(yǔ)中廣泛使用,表達(dá)授權(quán)、強(qiáng)制和禁止等法律言語(yǔ)行為�！澳硞�(gè)立法條文甚至整部立法文本翻譯質(zhì)量的優(yōu)劣在很大程度上取決于shall譯文的準(zhǔn)確程度”（謝曉鶯,馬艷姿,2010）。然而對(duì)shall的使用問(wèn)題上卻存在一種矛盾的現(xiàn)象。在英文文獻(xiàn)中:一方面將大量使用shall列為法律英語(yǔ)的特征,另一方面有學(xué)者批評(píng)shall在法律英語(yǔ)中的濫用。中文文獻(xiàn)中的情況相似:一方面有學(xué)者批評(píng)shall在中文法律英譯中的濫用,另一方面現(xiàn)行中文法律英譯本（國(guó)家和地方）中shall濫用的情況仍然存在。那shall是否仍然為法律英語(yǔ)中的最主要詞匯?造成shall使用的這些矛盾現(xiàn)狀的原因是什么?論文作者首先揭示在立法文本中shall使用問(wèn)題上的矛盾現(xiàn)象。她接著對(duì)言語(yǔ)行為理論、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)和英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)明化運(yùn)動(dòng)做文獻(xiàn)綜述。在此基礎(chǔ)上作者主要以1789-2014年間的3部英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的法律法規(guī)為語(yǔ)料,使用Microsoft等軟件和人工統(tǒng)計(jì)的方法,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析立法言語(yǔ)行為中道義情態(tài)shall運(yùn)用的變化與使用現(xiàn)狀。數(shù)據(jù)收集與統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果揭示:當(dāng)今英美國(guó)家現(xiàn)行法律正逐步淡化shall的使用,而用may、must等其他情態(tài)... 

【文章來(lái)源】：西南政法大學(xué)重慶市

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：52 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
摘要
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Significance and Rational of the Study
    1.2 Research Questions
    1.3 Data Collection and Research Methodology
    1.4 Layout of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Research Background: The Paradoxical Phenomenon Concerningthe Use of Shall in Legislative Texts
    2.1 Foreign Scholars’ Views on the Use of Shall in Legislative Texts
        2.1.1 Opinions in Favor of the Frequent Use of Shall in Legislative Texts
        2.1.2 The Criticism on Abusing Shall in Legislative Texts
    2.2 The Status Quo of the Use of Shall in C-E Translation of LegislativeTexts
        2.2.1 Using Shall frequently in Translating Contemporary Legislative Texts
        2.2.2 The Criticism on the Abuse of Shall in C-E Legislative TextsTranslation
    2.3 Reasons Causing the Paradox in Using Shall
        2.3.1 Difficulty of Comprehending Shall in legal English
        2.3.2 Changes of Meaning of Shall with the Passage of Time
Chapter 3 Literature Reviews Concerning Shall
    3.1 Previous Studies of Shall From Perspective of Speech Acts
        3.1.1 Speech Act Theory
        3.1.2 The study on Shall as One Main Realization Method of Speech Acts inLegislative Texts
    3.2 Studying Shall According to F. R. Palmer’ s Classifications of ModalVerbs
        3.2.1 F. R. Palmer’ s Classifications of Modal Verbs
        3.2.2 Shall Used as A Deontic Modal Verb
    3.3 Plain Legal English Movement and Its Effects on the Criticism of UsingShall
        3.3.1 Plain English Movement and Plain Legal English
        3.3.2 Effects of Plain Legal English Movement on the Use of Shall
    3.4 Findings from the Reviews
Chapter 4 A Diachronic Study on Shall in Legislative Texts
    4.1 Diachronic Linguistics
    4.2 A Comparative Study of Deontic Modals in Legislative Texts Before and Afterthe Plain English Movement
        4.2.1 The Classification of Modal Verbs in Legislative Texts
        4.2.2 Shall as An Absolutely Main Deontic Modal Verb in The Constitution ofthe United States
        4.2.3 Shall No Longer as The Main Body of Deontic Modal Verbs inLegislative Texts
Chapter 5 Six Conclusion
    5.1 Summary of This Study
    5.2 Contributions of This Study
    5.3 Limitation of This Study and Recommendations for Further Study
References


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