【摘要】： 在發(fā)展中國家里,城市的能源供應往往優(yōu)先于農村。農村地區(qū)的能源供應主要依賴于當地的自然資源。而農村居民人口眾多,在經濟逐步發(fā)展導致用能需求的不斷擴張與當地能源供應的不足成為日益嚴峻的矛盾。在我國目前制約農村能源建設的眾多因素中,農村能源法律體系及其內容的不完善起著主要的消極作用。因此,對農村能源立法的研究成了我國推進農村能源發(fā)展的首要任務。 對農村能源進行立法必要性主要體現于它有利于保障我國能源安全,解決能源公平問題,發(fā)展農村經濟,促進農村社會進步,保護和改善農村環(huán)境,以及有效地解決農村能源立法自身存在的欠缺。同時,我國對農村能源進行立法是有基礎的。其基礎主要包括三個方面:理論基礎、產業(yè)基礎和政策基礎。接著,論文確立了我國農村能源立法原則鼓勵支持、可持續(xù)發(fā)展、獎懲結合及平衡發(fā)展等四項原則。 在分析了農村能源立法必要性、立法基礎及確立立法原則的基礎上,論文提出應從基本概念、基本結構、基本制度、行政管理部門等四個方面構建《農村能源法》。對于基本概念,論文從學術定義和法律定義展開,選擇了界定方式,確定了能源范圍,并指出三個概念應在立法中予以體現。論文從已有法規(guī)及基本概念確定《農村能源法》的基本內容,并據此提出了該法的基本結構。論文確立了該法應設置生產許可證制度、節(jié)能質量認證制度、重點工程審批制度等七項基本制度。論文從我國能源機構變革出發(fā),提出了當前能源機構變革的設想及農村能源行政管理體制。最后,論文提出應從農村能源基本法、配套法規(guī)兩個層次構建我國農村能源法律體系,并指出應對《礦產資源法》、《水法》等法律法規(guī)進行修行。
[Abstract]:In developing countries, urban energy supplies tend to take precedence over rural areas. Energy supply in rural areas is largely dependent on local natural resources. However, the population of rural residents is large, which leads to the continuous expansion of energy demand and the shortage of local energy supply in the gradual development of the economy. Among the many factors restricting the construction of rural energy in China, the legal system of rural energy and the imperfection of its contents play a major negative role. Therefore, the study of rural energy legislation has become the primary task to promote the development of rural energy in China. The necessity of legislation on rural energy is mainly reflected in its benefits to safeguard energy security in our country, solve the problem of energy equity, develop rural economy, promote rural social progress, and protect and improve the rural environment. And effectively solve the lack of rural energy legislation itself. At the same time, our country carries on the legislation to the rural energy has the foundation. Its foundation mainly includes three aspects: theoretical foundation, industrial foundation and policy foundation. Then, the paper establishes four principles: encouragement and support, sustainable development, combination of rewards and punishment, and balanced development of China's rural energy legislation. Based on the analysis of the necessity of rural energy legislation, the basis of legislation and the establishment of legislative principles, the paper puts forward that the Rural Energy Law should be constructed from four aspects: basic concept, basic structure, basic system and administrative department. As for the basic concept, the paper starts from the academic definition and the legal definition, chooses the defining way, determines the energy scope, and points out that the three concepts should be embodied in the legislation. In this paper, the basic contents of the Rural Energy Law are determined from the existing laws and basic concepts, and the basic structure of the Law is put forward. Seven basic systems, such as production license system, energy-saving quality certification system and key engineering approval system, are established in this law. Based on the reform of energy organization in our country, this paper puts forward the idea of the reform of energy institution and the administrative system of energy in rural areas. Finally, the paper puts forward that we should construct the legal system of rural energy in China from two levels: the basic Law of Rural Energy and the supporting laws and regulations, and points out that the laws and regulations such as Mineral Resources Law, Water Law and other laws and regulations should be amended.
【學位授予單位】：南京農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：D922.67;F323.214

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