本文選題：環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià) + 缺陷��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 我國(guó)環(huán)境壓力日益增加,人們的環(huán)境權(quán)益受到的侵犯和威脅,進(jìn)而危及到整個(gè)人類(lèi)的生存與發(fā)展。嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)境危機(jī)促使人們對(duì)自己的思想和行為開(kāi)始檢討與反思和評(píng)判。環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)就是人類(lèi)對(duì)于此種評(píng)判所作出的制度安排,它為我國(guó)阻止環(huán)境惡化發(fā)揮了一定的作用,但是,從環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度“落戶(hù)”我國(guó)起,就似乎有些“水土不服”,它一直與我國(guó)文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律、政治、社會(huì)發(fā)生了碰撞、摩擦、融合;被容納的同時(shí)也受到了排擠、質(zhì)疑。《中華人民共和國(guó)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)法》在出臺(tái)時(shí),受到多種力量的弱化、制肘,甚至肢解,所以注定先天不足。文章的目在于探尋我國(guó)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的完善途徑,使之能夠?yàn)槲覈?guó)的環(huán)境保護(hù)產(chǎn)生更為積極的作用。 在對(duì)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)梳理的過(guò)程中,分析環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度產(chǎn)生的歷史背景和它所肩負(fù)的使命。剖析環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度在我國(guó)實(shí)際運(yùn)行的情況,找到在具體實(shí)施的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)和程序之中存在的問(wèn)題,指出這些問(wèn)題所帶來(lái)的不良后果及其表現(xiàn)。將我國(guó)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的規(guī)定和實(shí)施狀況與其他國(guó)家的規(guī)定和實(shí)施情況進(jìn)行對(duì)比,借鑒國(guó)外先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和成果,對(duì)我國(guó)的這項(xiàng)制度進(jìn)行完善,主張環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的完善不僅要在原來(lái)框架之內(nèi)加以改進(jìn),而且應(yīng)該突破原有的框架,創(chuàng)設(shè)現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)和引導(dǎo)性環(huán)境影響評(píng)階等制度的新觀點(diǎn),使環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度成為我國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)一把真正的利器。 本文共分五部分。 第一部分為前言。說(shuō)明了本研究工作的目的、范圍、理論意義、實(shí)用價(jià)值和研究方法、以及相關(guān)領(lǐng)域國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀等。 第二部分是概述。本部分是環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)的理論基礎(chǔ),對(duì)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)及環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行了分析,闡釋和區(qū)別了狹義的環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)和廣義的環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)的概念。提出了預(yù)斷現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)和引導(dǎo)性環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià),并將其與預(yù)斷環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)和強(qiáng)制性環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)進(jìn)行了比較。分析了環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)的終極目標(biāo)和價(jià)值。 第三部分對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)有環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的缺陷進(jìn)行了剖析。分析其成因、表現(xiàn)以及后果。我國(guó)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的評(píng)價(jià)范圍過(guò)于狹窄,限制了該制度發(fā)揮更大作用的空間。評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容單一,使我國(guó)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)減損了提高環(huán)境效益、激勵(lì)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新、降低環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的功能。我國(guó)的環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)實(shí)旌中公眾參與很不充分,權(quán)利不明確,環(huán)境信息和公眾意見(jiàn)的公示和表達(dá)沒(méi)有暢通的渠道,而且公眾參與的權(quán)益也得不到法律切實(shí)的保障。 第四部分闡述我國(guó)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的完善措施。提出了對(duì)現(xiàn)有環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的改進(jìn)。包括擴(kuò)大評(píng)價(jià)的范圍,將政策、法律、法規(guī)等戰(zhàn)略性的政府決策都納入環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的審查范圍之內(nèi),擴(kuò)大環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)的影響力和調(diào)控力度;應(yīng)該增加可替代方案的規(guī)定,讓政府決策從單一目標(biāo)向多目標(biāo)發(fā)展,實(shí)現(xiàn)代價(jià)最小、副作用最小的科學(xué)決策;完善公眾參與,明確公眾的參與權(quán)利及其具體內(nèi)容,建立暢通的信息渠道,對(duì)公眾參與的權(quán)利提供保障。對(duì)建立現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)和引導(dǎo)性環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度進(jìn)行了論證。 第五部分是結(jié)論。對(duì)文章的主要觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié)和概括,進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)和闡明文章提到的新的見(jiàn)解以及它對(duì)環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)研究領(lǐng)域的意義。
[Abstract]:The environmental impact assessment of the People ' s Republic of China has led people to review and reflect on their thoughts and behaviors . The environmental impact assessment is the institutional arrangement of people ' s thinking and behavior . It has been affected by many kinds of forces , such as weakening the environmental impact assessment system , making elbows , and even dismemberment . The aim of this article is to explore the ways of perfecting the environmental impact assessment system in China , and make it more active for the environmental protection of our country .



This paper analyzes the historical background of environmental impact assessment system and its mission , analyzes the historical background of environmental impact assessment system and its mission , and points out the problems caused by the environmental impact assessment system in the actual operation of China . It points out that the perfection of the EIA system should not only improve within the original framework , but also break through the original framework , create realistic environmental impact assessment and guidance environmental impact assessment system , and make the environmental impact assessment system a real benefit for environmental protection in China .



This paper is divided into five parts .



The first part is the preface , which explains the purpose , scope , theoretical significance , practical value and research methods of the research work , as well as the research situation at home and abroad in relevant fields .



The second part is an overview . This part is the theoretical basis of environmental impact assessment , analyzes the relevant concepts of environmental impact assessment and environmental impact assessment system , explains and distinguishes the concept of narrow environmental impact assessment and broad environmental impact assessment .



The third part analyzes the defects of the existing environmental impact assessment system in China . The evaluation scope of the environmental impact assessment system is too narrow to limit the space for the system to play a bigger role . The evaluation content is single , which makes the environmental impact assessment of our country reduce the function of improving environmental benefit , stimulating enterprise innovation and reducing environmental risk .



The fourth part describes the improvement of the environmental impact assessment system in China . The improvement of the existing environmental impact assessment system is put forward . It includes the scope of expanding the evaluation , the policy , laws , regulations and other strategic government decisions are included in the scope of the environmental impact assessment system , so as to enlarge the influence and control of the environmental impact assessment ; to improve the public participation , to define the public participation rights and the specific content , to establish a clear information channel , to provide guarantee for the public participation .



The fifth part is the conclusion . The main points of the article are summarized and summarized , further emphasizing and clarifying the new opinions mentioned in the article and the significance of it in the field of environmental impact assessment .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.68

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 賈寶亮;;淺析建設(shè)項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)分類(lèi)管理制度[J];天津科技;2010年04期

2 熊煥喜;;完善環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)制度的思考[J];油氣田環(huán)境保護(hù);2011年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉靜;中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義生態(tài)文明建設(shè)研究[D];中共中央黨校;2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 田彥蘋(píng);周邊國(guó)家海島法律制度研究[D];中國(guó)海洋大學(xué);2010年

2 劉婷婷;國(guó)際環(huán)境條約遵約機(jī)制研究[D];河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1742274