本文關(guān)鍵詞： 環(huán)境保護(hù) 環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法 執(zhí)法手段 執(zhí)法力度 監(jiān)督和責(zé)任機(jī)制　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 目前中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正處在高速發(fā)展時(shí)期,在經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)各方面取得舉世矚目成就的同時(shí),經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的資源環(huán)境代價(jià)過(guò)大已是不爭(zhēng)事實(shí)。環(huán)境問(wèn)題己經(jīng)成為制約中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的瓶頸問(wèn)題。如何有效地解決環(huán)境問(wèn)題,正確處理經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)的關(guān)系,是中國(guó)政府面臨的重大課題。近年來(lái),中國(guó)政府對(duì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題越來(lái)越重視,已經(jīng)將環(huán)境保護(hù)提高到與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展同等重要的戰(zhàn)略地位,環(huán)境保護(hù)已經(jīng)成為我國(guó)的一項(xiàng)基本國(guó)策。但是,我國(guó)嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)境形勢(shì)仍未得到根本性的改觀,環(huán)境執(zhí)法工作依然舉步維艱,收效甚微,如何加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)環(huán)境執(zhí)法工作成為每個(gè)關(guān)心環(huán)境問(wèn)題的學(xué)者所必須思考和關(guān)注的話題。 筆者從環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法環(huán)節(jié)這一視角出發(fā),通過(guò)對(duì)于福建仙游血鉛污染案件的分析,討論了環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法不力的原因所在,即第一、環(huán)境執(zhí)法手段不充分;執(zhí)法者不能正確的認(rèn)識(shí)守法者不愿意守法的原因所在,只是機(jī)械的執(zhí)行法律法規(guī),忽視了環(huán)境保護(hù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)利益之間的沖突才是造成環(huán)境問(wèn)題的根源。第二、行政執(zhí)法強(qiáng)制力度不大,法律執(zhí)行力度薄弱,執(zhí)法不嚴(yán),第三、缺乏執(zhí)法監(jiān)督與責(zé)任機(jī)制,對(duì)于執(zhí)行難和阻力大的環(huán)境執(zhí)法,執(zhí)法者總是怠于履行執(zhí)行職責(zé),或者不完全執(zhí)行環(huán)境保護(hù)法律法規(guī)。作為職權(quán)一方而言,這種不履行如果不產(chǎn)生重大的責(zé)任,就會(huì)造成環(huán)境保機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)于該執(zhí)行睜一只眼閉一只眼,這也是造成環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法不利的原因之一。 本文對(duì)環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法手段,執(zhí)法力度和監(jiān)督責(zé)任機(jī)制三方面的原因分別進(jìn)行了論述。在執(zhí)法手段方面,筆者通過(guò)介紹環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法手段的發(fā)展沿革以及國(guó)外發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家環(huán)境執(zhí)法的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),聯(lián)系我國(guó)環(huán)境執(zhí)法手段的現(xiàn)狀問(wèn)題,提出我國(guó)環(huán)境執(zhí)法手段的改革和發(fā)展方向;在環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法力度方面,通過(guò)分析環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法力度是影響環(huán)境污染的主要可變因素表明環(huán)境執(zhí)法力度研究的重要作用。討論環(huán)境執(zhí)法力度目前存在的問(wèn)題,分析原因和確定環(huán)境執(zhí)法力度應(yīng)該參考的因素,提出加強(qiáng)環(huán)境執(zhí)法力度的辦法;在環(huán)境行政監(jiān)督和責(zé)任機(jī)制方面,介紹了健全監(jiān)督和責(zé)任機(jī)制的必要性,提出一些完善監(jiān)督和責(zé)任機(jī)制的辦法。
[Abstract]:At present, China's economy is in a period of rapid development, in all aspects of economic and social achievements have attracted worldwide attention at the same time. It is an indisputable fact that the resource and environment cost of economic growth is too high. The environmental problem has become the bottleneck problem that restricts the further development of Chinese economy. How to solve the environmental problem effectively. Correctly handling the relationship between economic development and environmental protection is a major issue facing the Chinese Government, which has been paying more and more attention to environmental issues in recent years. Environmental protection has been raised to a strategic position as important as economic development, and environmental protection has become a basic national policy of our country. However, the severe environmental situation in China has not been fundamentally improved. The environmental law enforcement work is still difficult and has little effect. How to strengthen and improve the environmental law enforcement work has become a topic that every scholar concerned about environmental issues must think about and pay attention to. From the point of view of environmental administrative law enforcement, through the analysis of Xianyou blood lead pollution case in Fujian Province, the author discusses the reasons for the ineffectiveness of environmental administrative law enforcement, that is, first, the environmental law enforcement means are not sufficient; Law enforcers can not correctly understand the reason why law-abiding people are unwilling to abide by the law, but mechanical enforcement of laws and regulations, ignoring the conflict between environmental protection and economic interests is the root cause of environmental problems. Enforcement of administrative law enforcement is not strong, the enforcement of the law is weak, lax enforcement, third, lack of law enforcement supervision and responsibility mechanism, for the implementation of the difficult and resistance of the environmental law enforcement, the law enforcement is always lazy to perform executive duties. Or not fully implement the environmental protection laws and regulations. As a party to the authority, this failure to perform if it does not have a major responsibility, will cause the environmental protection agencies to turn a blind eye to the implementation. This is also one of the causes of unfavorable environmental administrative law enforcement. In this paper, the environmental administrative law enforcement means, law enforcement strength and supervision responsibility mechanism are discussed respectively in the law enforcement means. By introducing the development and evolution of environmental administrative law enforcement means and the practical experience of developed and developing countries in foreign countries, the author contacts the current situation of environmental law enforcement means in China. The reform and development direction of environmental law enforcement in China are put forward. In the aspect of environmental administrative law enforcement, the analysis of environmental administrative law enforcement is the main variable factor affecting environmental pollution, which indicates the important role of environmental law enforcement research, and discusses the existing problems of environmental law enforcement. Analyzing the reasons and determining the factors that should be referred to in environmental law enforcement, and putting forward the methods of strengthening environmental law enforcement; In the aspect of environmental administrative supervision and responsibility mechanism, this paper introduces the necessity of perfecting supervision and responsibility mechanism, and puts forward some methods to perfect supervision and responsibility mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D922.68;D925

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李斐;中國(guó)環(huán)境執(zhí)法監(jiān)督制度研究[D];中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院;2011年

2 李陳艷;環(huán)境行政執(zhí)法類型化研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1490775