本文選題：老年人犯罪 + 精神贍養(yǎng)　； 參考：《華東政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人口老齡化的加速，老年問題日益突出。其中，老年人犯罪日趨增多，是老齡化問題在社會生活中的一種特殊表現(xiàn)。老年人犯罪是主、客觀因素相互作用的結(jié)果，既有老年人自身的生理、心理原因，如罹患疾病導(dǎo)致思想過于極端、身體機(jī)能退化降低是非判斷能力等；也有外部客觀原因，如家庭結(jié)構(gòu)變遷、社區(qū)組織變化導(dǎo)致精神依托缺失、孝道文化日益式微和“無用老人”思想的影響等。這些因素都可能在一定程度上誘發(fā)和刺激老年人犯罪。就“自救式”老年犯罪而言，其中還存在著一些具體的致罪因素，如社會保障制度不夠完善、社會救濟(jì)和法律救助難以落實(shí)等。 從整體上看，當(dāng)前我國的犯罪統(tǒng)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還不夠全面，缺乏必要的關(guān)于老年人犯罪的專項(xiàng)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，而司法統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)還不能向社會全面公開。統(tǒng)計(jì)政策上的這些不足，在一定程度上掩蓋了老年人犯罪的嚴(yán)重性，轉(zhuǎn)移了社會的關(guān)注度，，致使我國關(guān)于老年人犯罪的理論研究和實(shí)務(wù)分析相對比較滯后。因此，對老年人犯罪現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析，明確其發(fā)生的原因并據(jù)之提出應(yīng)對之策，預(yù)防老年人違法犯罪，是本文撰寫本文的主要目的所在。本文主要分為三部分： 第一部分主要是對我國老年人犯罪的概念、表現(xiàn)形式和特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行界定和分析。老年人犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)是指已滿60周歲的、特殊情況下接近60周歲的人所實(shí)施的嚴(yán)重危害社會的、違反刑事法律規(guī)范，或侵害其他規(guī)范的、應(yīng)受刑罰或特定非刑罰處罰的犯罪或違法行為。我國當(dāng)前老年人犯罪主要存在兩種表現(xiàn)形式：一是“普通型”老年人犯罪，即因主、客觀因素的綜合作用而導(dǎo)致的老年人實(shí)施的違法犯罪行為；二是“自救式”老年人犯罪，即老年人在合法權(quán)益受到侵害或得不到應(yīng)有保障時(shí)，不得不依靠自身力量而實(shí)施的、侵害他人人身權(quán)利或財(cái)產(chǎn)利益的違法犯罪行為。 第二部分主要是探討我國老年人犯罪的原因。在控制理論和社會支持理論基礎(chǔ)上分析了我國老年人犯罪的原因。老年人犯罪是老年人自身生理、心理特征以及家庭、社區(qū)組織、社會觀念等外部客觀原因相互作用的結(jié)果。對“自救式”老年人犯罪原因，重點(diǎn)闡述了不完善的社會養(yǎng)老、醫(yī)療保障制度和錯誤的自救觀念、不健全的他力救助方式問題。 第三部分主要介紹了為預(yù)防我國老年人犯罪所應(yīng)當(dāng)采取的對策。主要為加強(qiáng)家庭、社會對老年人的精神關(guān)懷；引導(dǎo)媒體正面宣傳、調(diào)整退休政策、規(guī)范老年公益活動和老年人再教育；完善老年人社會保障制度和調(diào)解、司法訴訟等他力救助方式。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of population aging, the problem of old age is becoming increasingly prominent. Among them, the crime of the elderly is increasing day by day, which is a special manifestation of the aging problem in the social life. The crime of the elderly is the result of the interaction of subjective and objective factors, such as the physiological and psychological reasons of the elderly, such as the extreme thought caused by disease, the deterioration of physical function and the ability to judge the right and wrong, and so on, as well as the external objective reasons. For example, family structure changes, community organization changes lead to the lack of spiritual support, filial piety culture is declining and the influence of "useless old people" thought and so on. These factors may induce and stimulate crime in the elderly to a certain extent. As far as the "self-help" old age crime is concerned, there are still some specific factors, such as the imperfect social security system, the difficulty of carrying out the social relief and legal aid and so on. On the whole, the crime statistics standard in our country is not comprehensive enough, and the necessary special statistical data on the crime of the elderly are lacking, while the judicial statistics data can not be completely disclosed to the society. These shortcomings in statistical policies to some extent cover up the seriousness of the crime of the elderly and shift the attention of the society. As a result, the theoretical research and practical analysis on the crime of the elderly in China are relatively lagging behind. Therefore, it is the main purpose of this paper to analyze the crime phenomenon of the elderly, to make clear the causes of its occurrence and to put forward countermeasures to prevent the crime of the elderly. This paper is divided into three parts: The first part is to define and analyze the concept, manifestation and characteristics of the elderly crime in China. An elderly person who commits a crime shall refer to a person who has reached the age of 60 years and is close to the age of 60 years under special circumstances who commits serious harm to society, violates criminal legal norms, or infringes other norms, An offence or an offence punishable by a penalty or a specific non-penalty. At present, there are two main forms of old people's crime in China: one is "ordinary" old people's crime, that is, the old people's illegal and criminal behavior caused by the combined action of subjective and objective factors, the other is "self-saving" old people's crime. That is, when the lawful rights and interests of the elderly are infringed or can not be guaranteed, they have to rely on their own strength to carry out illegal and criminal acts against the personal rights or property interests of others. The second part mainly discusses the reason of the elderly crime in our country. On the basis of control theory and social support theory, this paper analyzes the causes of the elderly crime in China. The crime of the elderly is the result of the interaction of the physical and psychological characteristics of the elderly as well as the external objective reasons such as family, community organization, social concept and so on. In this paper, the reasons for the crime of "self-saving" elderly people are discussed in detail. The problems of imperfect social old-age care, medical security system, wrong concept of self-help and unsound ways of helping others are discussed. The third part mainly introduces the countermeasures that should be taken to prevent the crime of the elderly in our country. It is mainly to strengthen the family and society's spiritual care for the elderly; to guide the media to promote positive publicity, adjust retirement policies, and standardize public welfare activities for the elderly and re-education for the elderly; and to improve the social security system and mediation for the elderly. Judicial proceedings and other means of assistance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D917

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 趙斌;嚴(yán)嬋;;新加坡的醫(yī)療保障體系[J];東南亞南亞研究;2009年04期

2 朱明霞;老年人犯罪與精神障礙的相關(guān)因素分析—附39例司法精神醫(yī)學(xué)鑒定資料[J];法律與醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2003年01期

3 王臨平,趙露娜;防止未成年被害人惡逆變[J];青少年犯罪問題;2001年03期

4 劉應(yīng)君,秦國文;從控制理論看轉(zhuǎn)型期我國青少年犯罪的原因[J];青少年犯罪問題;2004年02期

5 蔣月;馮祥武;;論我國法律援助的特殊對象[J];法治研究;2010年10期

6 鄭瞻培;;老年和犯罪[J];國外醫(yī)學(xué).精神病學(xué)分冊;1986年03期

7 董純樸;;老年人犯罪預(yù)防研究——以和諧社會為視域[J];公安研究;2013年04期

8 蔣正華;中國人口老齡化現(xiàn)象及對策[J];求是;2005年06期

9 李超;虐待老人問題的跨文化研究[J];人口研究;2004年04期

10 王燕飛;;《犯罪學(xué)研究導(dǎo)論》批判性疏議[J];刑事法評論;2010年02期

本文編號：1985058